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David Darwin
Vietnam Institute for Building Science and
Technology (IBST)
Slender columns
Walls
High-strength concrete
Slender columns
Notation
Effective length factors and effect of
slenderness on strength
Moment magnification
ACI design criteria
Design procedures
Nonlinear second order analysis
Linear second order analysis
Moment magnification procedure
Notation
I = moment of inertia
A = area of cross section
r = radius of gyration = I A
, l = column length
k = slenderness ratio = k/r
Et I
2
Pc critical buckling load
kl
2
1
y y0
1 P Pc
and
1
Mmax M0
1 P Pc
Moment magnification
For a column in double curvature with
equal end moments:
1
y y0
1 P 4Pc
Moment magnification
More generally, when the end moments
are not equal:
Cm
Mmax M0
1 P Pc
where
M1
Cm 0.6 0.4 0.4, M 2 M1
M2
Define: M1 M2 0 for single curvature
0 for double curvature
ACI design criteria
Braced (nonsway):
Neglect slenderness when
ku/r 34 12M1/M2
40
where u = unsupported length (clear distance)
Unbraced (sway):
Neglect slenderness when
ku/r 22
Alignment charts to determine k
Alignment charts to determine k
Area 1.0Ag
Sustained load
For members under sustained lateral load,
divide I by (1 + ds), where
maximum factored sustained shear within story
ds 1 .0
maximum factored shear within story
Moment magnification procedure
Mmax = M0
Nonsway versus sway structures
Nonsway if
Pu o
Q 0.05
Vus l c
where
Pu sum of factored vertical loads in a story
Vus factored horizontal shear in a story
o 1st-order relative story deflection
l c column length, center-to-center of joints
Note:
Q P Pc
Mc ns M2 ; M2,min Pu 15 0.03h
Cm
ns 1 .0
1 Pu 0.75Pc
2EI
Pc Stiffness reduction
k u
2
factor
M1
Cm 0.6 0.4 0 .4
M2
EI
EI
0.2E I c g EsIse
1 dns
or
0.4EcIg
EI
1 dns
ds is most often = 0
daved@ku.edu
Slender columns