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Kuliah 1 Pajak 2 -
Ekstension
WHY TAX?
Tax Function
Budgetary main source
of revenue
Regulatory Luxury
Goods Sales Taxes on
Liquors, Higher cigarette
tax, lower income tax for
SME
Income
redistribution
Democracy
4 Maxims of Adam
Smith
Adam Smith devoted a significant portion of
the Wealth of Nations to the issue of taxation.
Who should be taxed, how much, to what
purpose, and in what manner? The first
couple pages of the second part of book V set
up Smiths principles, or maxims, of taxation.
Adam Smith said taxation should be imposed
in proportion to the benefits a taxpayer
receives from the state and should be
predictable, convenient, and efficient.
PROPORTIONALITY
The subjects of every state
ought to contribute towards CONVINIENCE
the support of the every tax ought to be
government, as nearly as
possible, in proportion to levied at the time, or in
their respective abilities; the manner in which it is
that is, in proportion to the most likely convenient
revenue which they for the contributor to pay
respectively enjoy under
the protection of the state.
it.
Dipotong Badan
PPh 23 atas
penghasilan jasa
Memotong
PPh 21
atas gaji
PPN atas
PBB penyerahan
Meterai barang/jasa
Penghasilan BPHTB
Beban yang dapat dikurangkan Pajak Daerah
Penghasilan kena pajak
X tarif pajak
Lapor
Pajak terutang 1thn fiskal KPP
Kredit pajak
Angsuran pajak (PPh25) Setor
Dipotong pihak lain (22,23) Kas negara
Pajak luar negeri (24)
PAJAK PENGHASILAN
(UU no. 36 tahun 2008)
Pajakatas penghasilan perusahaan yang
dipotong oleh pihak ketiga :
PPh pasal 21 (individu)
PPh pasal 22
PPh pasal 23
Pajak penghasilan yang diangsur oleh perusahaan
PPh pasal 25
Pajakatas penghasilan perusahaan yang
diperhitungkan setiap akhir tahun pajak
PPh pasal 29
PAJAK YANG TELAH DIPOTONG PIHAK
LAIN
Peraturan pajak mengharuskan pihak pembayar
untuk memotong pajak atas suatu transaksi tertentu
Penghasilan gaji / honor PPh 23
Penghasilan sewa, sewa, royalty, jasa, bunga, deviden
PPh 23
Pembelian barang (impor) dan Penjualan barang tertentu
PPh 22
Penghasilan yang diterima dari LN PPh 24
Pajak yang dipotong dapat bersifat final dan tidak
fidak final
Pajak final : pajak yang dipotong tidak boleh
diperhitungkan sebagai kredit pajak dan penghasilan
tersebut tidak dimasukkan dalam SPT.
Pajak tidak final : potongan pajak dimasukkan sebagai
kredit pajak dan penghasilannya dimasukkan dalam SPT
PAJAK YANG TELAH DIPOTONG PIHAK LAIN PPh 21 & 26
AKUNTANSI PAJAK
PERBEDAAN
Tempore
Permanen
r
Pajak Tangguhan:
Penelitian: Aktiva/utang
Book tax Gap Beban/Pendapata
Eff Tax Rate n
34
Penghasilan :
Setiap tambahan kemampuan ekonomis yang diterima atau
diperoleh Wajib Pajak, baik yang berasal dari Indonesia
maupun dari luar Indonesia, yang dapat dipakai untuk
konsumsi atau untuk menambah kekayaan Wajib Pajak yang
bersangkutan, dengan nama dan dalam bentuk apapun
Menghitung penghasilan kena pajak vs Penghasilan
Akuntansi:
Bukan obyek pajak
Beban yang boleh dikurangkan
Beban yang tidak boleh dikurangkan
Pajak final
Perbedaan cara pengukuran
35
OBJECTION
STIPULATION
PAYMENT
YES
Administrative Letter
SST / Tax SPT / Tax Return SKP / Tax STP / Tax
Payment Assessment Collection Form
Form Notice
A form used A Letter used by the Notice issued by the A Letter issued by
by the Taxpayer to report the Directorate General the Directorate
taxpayer to calculation of their in Taxation General in Taxation
pay Tax to tax obligation, and stipulating the to collect the
the State the amount already amount of underpaid amount of taxes
paid by the Taxpayer. tax (SKPKB), owed by the
TP also required to overpaid tax (SKPLB) taxpayer
report their assets / or nil tax (SKPN).
liability in their return
evidence of Reporting and Correction form used A Form used by
tax Accounting the Tax by the DGT to report the DGT to
payment, obligation, which was the tax examination collect taxes or
shall be paid by the taxpayers result, collect sanction owed
attached in themselves or additional taxes or by the taxpayer
the Tax withheld by the other imposed sanction
Return parties
WHY STUDY TAX? Pursuing Tax-related
Career
Tax Consultant
Government Tax
Officers
Why study Tax Accountant
Taxation?? Lecturer
Accounting and FS
Every Company needs
to pay taxes
Accounting needs to
record Tax-related
transaction
FS record and disclose
tax-related transaction
Diskusi Kelompok
DalamKelompok anda diskusikanlah
apa yang dimaksud dengan
Tax Management
Tax Planning
Tax Avoidance
Tax Evasion
Terimakasih
References
Slide Taxation 1 by Ibu Dwi Martani
Slide Taxation 1 by Bp. Tb. Amakhi
Perpajakan di Indonesia, Buku 1
Waluyo, Penerbit Salemba 4
UU no 36 tahun 2008
UU no 28 tahun 2007