AND

GEOMETRIC
SEQUENCES

(CHAPTER
1)
LEARNING
OBJECTIVES
explain the terms sequences, arithmetic and
geometric sequence.
identify arithmetic and geometric sequence.
calculate the terms in arithmetic and geometric
sequence.
calculate the sum of terms in arithmetic and
geometric sequence.
apply the concepts of arithmetic and geometric
sequences to some common problem in daily life.
ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
Hot fm. Is having a contest:

RM 150 for 1st day.

Increases RM 50 per day
List the value of the price from 1st to 5th day?
What is the value of money that the winner on
the 5th day will get?
 SEQUENCE
sequence : List of numbers arranged in a
specified order.

T1, T2 , T3 , ,
series is the indicated sum of the terms of the
sequence.

T1+ T2 + T3 + ,
What is an arithmetic
sequence?
A sequence in which each
term is found by ADDING
or SUBTRACTING the
same number to the
previous term.
+4 +4 +4 +4 -4 -4 -4 -4
4, 8, 12 , 16, 20 20, 16, 12 ,
8T1
, 4
T2 T3 T4
WHAT IS THE COMMON
DIFFERENCE?
The difference between each
number. (take 2 terms next to
each other)

4, 8, 12, 16,
20..
* 4 is the common
difference
 4, 8, 12, 16, 20..

T1 T2 T3 T4
Common difference, d = T2-T1
= 8-4
=4
or
Common difference, d = T3-T2
= 12-8
=4
 NTH TERM OF AN ARITHMETIC
SEQUENCE

Tn a 1 (n 1)d
1st term
nth term
# of term Common
that difference
we are
trying
to find
 Find the next four terms of each
arithmetic sequence.

1) 26, 21 , 16, 2) 2 , 10,

18,
1)FIND THE NEXT FOUR TERMS OF
EACH ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE.

(a) the 12th term for the sequence 12,15,18,21,

(b) the 21th term for the sequence 10,25, 40,55,
(c) the 9th tern for the sequence 8.2,8.4,8.6,8.8,
(d) the 16th term for the sequence 41, 37,33,29,

2) What is the number of terms for the following

arithmetic sequence?
(a) 55, 60, 65,,200
(b) 50,62,74,,614
(c) -5,-4.5,-4,,1
(d) 300, 293,286,,62
 Tn a 1 (n 1)d
Complete each statement.

170 is the ____th term of 4, 2, 8

Find the 10th term of the following arithmetic

sequence: 2,10,18,
SUM OF FIRST N TERMS
n
OF AN 2a (n 1)d
Sn ARITHMETIC
2
SEQUENCE
Number of terms
Sum of the First Term Common
first nth terms difference
Find the sum of the 1st 50 positive
even integers.
 GEOMETRIC
SEQUENCE?
A sequence in which
each term can be found
by multiplying or dividing
the previous term by the
same number.

x3 x3 x3 x3
3, 9, 27 , 81,
 What is the common
ratio?
The ratio between 2
successive terms

2, 8, 32, 128,
512..
 2, 8, 32, 128, 512.. ..

T1 T2 T3 T4
Common ratio , r = T2T1
= 82
=4
or
Common ratio, r = T3T2
= 328
=4
LETS
PRACTICE!
 ARITHMETIC OR
GEOMETRIC
SEQUENCE?

10, 15, 20, 25, 30

 Is this an arithmetic
or geometric
sequence?
2, 12, 72, 432, 2,592
What is the next term
in this sequence?

5, -1, -7 -13 ,
_____
What is the next term
in this sequence?

-400,-380,-360,-340 ,
____
What is the next term
in this sequence?

12, -48, 192 , -768____

 Nth term of a geometric
sequence

n 1
Tn ar
# of term
1st term
that
nth term Common we are
ratio trying
to find
 1) Find the given term for the following geometric
sequences.
(a) The 8th term for the sequence 2,8,32,
(b) The 9th term for the sequence 6,18,54,162,

(c) the 12th term for the sequence 1,-2,4,
(d) The 6th term for the sequence , , 1/8,

2) What is the number of terms for the following

geometric sequence?
a) 10,20,40,,10240
b) 100,80,64,,40.96
c) 4,16,64,,65536
d) 1/81, 1/27,1/9,3
 Sum of first n terms of a
geometric sequence
a (r 1)n
a (1 r n )
Sn if r 1 OR
Sn if r 1
r 1 1 r
Number of
First Term terms
Sum of the
first nth terms

Common
ratio
 To solve:
(2 unknown variables)

Arithmetic sequence : usually we apply

(solving simultaneous equations)
substitution/elimination
Geometric sequence : usually we apply
(DIVISION)
Equation with higher power

Equation with lower power

1) All the terms of a geometric sequence are
positive. The third term of the sequence is
45 while the fifth term is 101.25.Find
(a) the first term and the common ratio.
(b) the sum of the first 5th terms.

2)For a geometric sequence, the second

term is 6 and the sixth term is 7,776. Given
that all the terms are positives, find
(a) the 10th term and
(b) the 15th term.
 ASSIGNMENT !!!

Find questions of simple interest

from past year questions (5) : 2010
-2012