UNIT 4

Bipolar
Junction
Transistors
 SUB-TOPIC
4.1 Introduction to Bipolar Junction
Transistors.
4.2 Current and voltages characteristic of
BJT
4.3 Type of Transistor
4.4 Transistor Operation
 UNIT LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. Identify symbols and basic construction of transistors
(C2)
2. Explain the I V curve characteristics of BJT. (C2)
3. Identify the type of transistors
4. Explain the transistor operation. (C2)
 4.1 Introduction to Bipolar Junction
Transistors.
Transistor adalah peranti semikonduktor yang
digunakan untuk menguatkan atau menukar
isyarat elektronik dan kuasa elektrik.
Ia peranti semikonduktor dengan tiga
terminal untuk sambungan kepada litar
luaran.
4.1 Introduction to Bipolar Junction
Transistors.
TheBASE-whichistheleadresponsiblefor
activatingthetransistor.
TheCOLLECTOR-whichisthepositive
lead.
TheEMITTER-whichisthenegativelead.
4.1 Introduction to Bipolar Junction
Transistors.
4.1 Introduction to Bipolar Junction
Transistors.
4.1 Introduction to Bipolar Junction
Transistors.
4.1 Introduction to Bipolar Junction
Transistors.
 4.2 Current and voltages
characteristic of BJT
I-V Curves atau lengkuk ciri I-V ialah merupakan graf
Arus melawan Voltan
Menunjukkan hubungan antara arus yang mengalir
melalui alat elektronik dan voltan yang berada di
seluruh terminalnya.
Lengkuk ciri I-V secara amnya digunakan sebagai alat
untuk menentukan dan memahami parameter asas
komponen atau peranti dalam litar elektronik.
4.2 Current and voltages
characteristic of BJT
 4.2 Current and voltages
characteristic of BJT
Active Region the transistor operates as an amplifier
andIc=.Ib
Saturation the transistor is Fully-ON operating as a
switch andIc=I(saturation)
Cut-of the transistor is Fully-OFF operating as a switch
andIc=0
NPN PNP JFET MOSFET
4.4 Transistor Operation
 Soalan
1. Lukis struktur binaan transistor (PNP dan NPN)
2. Lukis symbol transistor (PNP dan NPN)
3. Terangkan operasi transistor dgn bergambar.
 FORMULA TRANSISTOR
Transistors are used to amplify current and so in an
examination you could be asked to find the BASE
current or COLLECTOR current or the GAIN. The
GAIN is simply the amount of amplification.
Another very important point to remember is that
collector current is always greater than base
current, sometimes by many times.
FORMULA TRANSISTOR
 TRY THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
1.If the collector current of a transistor is 0.12 amps and the
gain is 40, what is the base current?
 TRY THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
2. If the collector current of a transistor is 0.4 amps and the
base current is 0.002 amps, what is the current gain?
 TRY THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS:
3.If the collector current of a transistor is 0.5 amps and the
gain is 100, what is the base current?
 Bipolar Transistor
Configurations
Common Base Configuration has Voltage Gain but no
Current Gain.
Common Emitter Configuration has both Current and
Voltage Gain.
Common Collector Configuration has Current Gain
but no Voltage Gain.
The Common Base Transistor
Circuit

Where:Ic/Ieis the current gain,

alpha () andRL/Rinis the
resistance gain.
The Common Emitter (CE)
Configuration

In this type of configuration,

the current flowing out of
the transistor must be equal
to the currents flowing into
the transistor as the emitter
current is given
asIe=Ic+Ib.
The Common Emitter (CE)
Configuration
A transistors current gain is given the
Greek symbol ofBeta, ().