COMPUTER

An electronic device that

accepts, processes, stores, and
outputs data at high speeds
according to programmed
instructions.
 There are many
parts that work
together to make a
computer work.
2 Main Parts
HARDWARE

SOFTWARE
Hardware- the equipment and devices
that make up a computer system as
opposed to the programs used on it.

Software- programs and applications

that can be run on a computer system.
Parts of
Hardware
1. SYSTEM
UNIT
Front of the Computer Case
Hard Disk Drive (HDD) is also known as hard drive. This is the
computer's main storage device used to store all data on the
computer permanently. Commonly, hard drives are
permanently place in an internal drive bay at the front of the
system case and are connected with either ATA, SCSI, or a
SATA cable and power cable. Some Hard drives nowadays are
portable which use USB ports and USB cable for connection.

S-ATA HDD IDE HDD

CONNECTION FOR POWER

S-ATA CONNECTION FOR POWER
SUPPLY
SUPPLY
S-ATA CONNECTION FOR IDE CONNECTION FOR
MOTHERBOARD MOTHERBOARD
PATA (Parallel ATA) and SATA (Serial ATA) ports are used for the connection of
hard drives and optical drives.

IDE/P-ATA (Ultra ATA 100) Cable S-ATA Cable

ATA is the acronym for Advanced Technology Attachment.

ATA is also known as IDE or EIDE (Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics).

The larger your HDD capacity the better but the
higher the price it could be. Choosing a Hard Drive
is relatively simple and is usually based of 2 factors,
size and speed. The size of the drive you choose
will be primarily based on your personal needs, but
for most people a drive not less than 160GB is a
good starting point. Example:

MAXTOR / IDE / 160 GB - 1200

MAXTOR / S-ATA / 160 GB - 1400
MAXTOR /S-ATA / 300 GB - 2500
 Video Card
Connects the
computer to the
monitor. It is a
circuit board
attached to the
motherboard that
contains the memory
and other circuitry
necessary to send
information to the
monitor for display
 CD-ROM/DVD-ROM DRIVE is a device that
uses photo diodes to detect reflecting lights on optic
discs and uses a laser to read or write data.
Commonly, it uses the same cables as hard drives to
connect to the motherboard.
IDE OPTICAL DRIVE S-ATA OPTICAL DRIVE

CD DRIVE COMPACT DISC

CD RW DRIVE - COMPACT DISC RE-WRITABLE DRIVE
DVD DRIVE - DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC
DVD RW DRIVE- DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC RE-WRITABLE DISC.
Floppy Disk Drive
A device that
holds a
removable
floppy disk when
in use;
read/write heads
read and write
data to the
diskette.
20+4 pin ATX main power cable POWER SUPPLY
UNIT is also called as
power supply or PSU.
This is the device that
supplies power to your
personal computer.
Although you could
plug the personal
computers directly into
standard electrical
outlets, the power
supply then pulls the
Original PC main required amount of
power cables electricity and converts
the AC current to DC
current and it also
regulates the voltage
to eliminate spikes and
20 pin ATX main power cable surges common in
most electrical
SATA power cable systems.
 Mother board
The main printed circuit board. Other
circuit boards plug into the mother
board so that the power and electronic
signals can be conducted among the
boards.
RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY: The personal computer
memory module also known as Random Access Memory (RAM) is a
piece of hardware that allows stored data to be accessed randomly.
Its main function is to store the data temporarily.

SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM)

DDR (Double Data Rate SDRAM)

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT: The CPU, or the
Central Processing Unit, is the brain of the computer and one of the most
Land Grid Array
important chip in the computer.

Pin Grid Array

 Below are the major socket types for contemporary AMD motherboards:

Socket 939 Socket AM2

Socket 754
Important Information:
Current Socket 754 processors include the Sempron series and older model Athlon 64
processors. Some AMD K8 desktop processors such as the Athlon 64, Athlon 64 FX,
and Athlon 64 X2 utilize the Socket 939 socket. The latest Socket AM2 has been
adopted by all AMD desktop processor families including Sempron, Athlon 64, Athlon 64
FX and Athlon 64 X2.
Modem
The place where
the computer is
connected to the
phone line.
 Network Card
A circuit board
that connects the
computer to the
rest of the network
usually using
special cables.
Sound Card
Connects the
speakers and
microphone to the
computer.
VIDEO CARD is commonly known as
graphics accelerator card, display adapter,
or graphics card. This is a hardware
component whose main function is to
generate and display the output images to
a computer monitor.
TYPES:
PCI PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERCONNECT
AGP ACCELERATED GRAPHIC PORT
PCI-E - PERIPHERAL COMPONENT INTERCONNECT EXPRESS
PCI VIDEO CARD
Original PC main power cables - AT
4 pin peripheral power cable
Floppy drive power cable
 2. Monitor
A display screen
to provide
output to the
user. It is where
you view the
information your
are working on.
 3. Keyboard
Used to enter
information into
the computer
and for giving
commands.
 4. Mouse
An input device
operated by rolling its
ball across a flat
surface. The mouse is
used to control the on-
screen pointer by
pointing and clicking,
double-clicking, or
dragging objects on the
screen.
 5. Printer
An output device that
produces a hard copy on
paper. It gives
information to the user
in printed form.
6. Scanner
A device that
allows pictures to
be placed into a
computer.
7. SPEAKERS
Used to generate
or reproduce voice,
music, and other
sounds.
8. Barcode Reader
An input device that
converts a pattern of
printed bars into a
number that a
computer can read.
They are often used
by businesses to
quickly input price
and product
information.
 9. Microphone
Allows the user to
record sounds as
input to their
computer.