NETWORK

CONNECTIVITY
CHECKING
PROCEDURES AND
TECHNIQUES
BACKGROUND MUSI
C
WHAT IS NETWORK
CONNECTIVITY?
Network connectivity describes the
extensive process of connecting various
parts of a network to one another, for
example, through the use of routers,
switches and gateways, and how that
process works.
CHECKING NETWORK
CONNECTIVITY WITH
PING
WHAT IS PING?
Short forPacket InterNet Groper,pingis
a utility used to verify whether or not
anetworkdatapacketis capable of being
distributed to an address without errors. The
ping utility is commonly used to check for
network errors.
CHECKING NETWORK
CONNECTIVITY WITH
NETSTAT
WHAT IS NETSTAT?
The netstat is a command used to
display theTCP/IPnetwork protocol
statistics and information.
You can access it via cmd or run
netstat on Start Menu
NETSTAT COMMANDS
 -a= This switch displays active TCP connections, TCP connections with
the listening state, as well as UDP ports that are being listened to.
-b= This netstat switch is very similar to the-oswitch listed below, but
instead of displaying the PID, will display the process's actual file name.
Using-bover-omight seem like it's saving you a step or two but using it
can sometimes greatly extend the time it takes netstat to fully execute.
-e= Use this switch with the netstat command to show statistics about
your network connection. This data includes bytes, unicast packets, non-
unicast packets, discards, errors, and unknown protocols received and
sent since the connection was established.
-f= The-fswitch will force the netstat command to display theFully
Qualified Domain Name(FQDN) for each foreign IP addresses when
possible.
-n= Use the-nswitch to prevent netstat from attempting to
determinehost names for foreign IP addresses. Depending on your
 -o= A handy option for many troubleshooting tasks, the-oswitch
displays the process identifier (PID) associated with each displayed
connection. See the example below for more about usingnetstat -o.
-p= Use the-pswitch to show connections or statistics only for a
particularprotocol. You can not define more than oneprotocolat once,
nor can you execute netstat with-pwithout defining aprotocol.
protocol= When specifying aprotocolwith the-poption, you can
usetcp,udp,tcpv6, orudpv6. If you use-swith-pto view statistics by
protocol, you can useicmp,ip,icmpv6, oripv6in addition to the first
four I mentioned.
-r= Execute netstat with-rto show the IP routing table. This is the same
as using the route command to executeroute print.
-s= The-soption can be used with the netstat command to show
detailed statistics by protocol. You can limit the statistics shown to a
particular protocol by using the-soption and specifying thatprotocol, but
 -t= Use the-tswitch to show the current TCP chimney offload state in
place of the typically displayed TCP state.
-x= Use the-xoption to show all NetworkDirect listeners, connections,
and shared endpoints.
-y= The-yswitch can be used to show the TCP connection template for
all connection. You cannot use-ywith any other netstat option.
time_interval= This is the time, in seconds, that you'd like the netstat
command to re-execute automatically, stopping only when you useCtrl-
Cto end the loop.
/?= Use thehelp switchto show details about the netstat command's
several options.
CHECKING NETWORK
CONNECTIVITY WITH
IP CONFIG
WHAT IS IP CONFIG?

In computing, IPCONFIG (internet protocol

configuration) in Microsoft Windows is a
console application that all displays current
TCP/IP network configuration values and can
modify Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DCHP) and Domain Name System (DNS)
settings
Run cmd
Type ipconfig
This is what you should get:
The most important items to look for are the
following:
Host nameThis should be set to the desired name for each
computer. If you can correspond with some computers but not
others, be sure that the ones that don't work are turned on and
correctly named. Make sure that you don't have two computers
with the same name, and that none of the computer names is
the same as the workgroup name.
IP addressThis should be set appropriately for your network.
If your LAN uses Internet Connection Sharing, the address will
be a number in the range 192.168.0.1 through 192.168.0.254. If
your LAN uses DHCP for automatic configuration, your network
manager can tell you whether the IP address is correct.
Networks with cable/DSL sharing routersusuallyuse numbers
starting with 192.168.xwherexis a number from 0 to 15.
If you see a number in the range 169.254.0.1 through
169.254.255.254, your computer is set for automatic
configuration, but no DHCP server was found, so
Windows has chosen an IP address by itself. This is
fine if your LAN uses this automatic configuration
system. However, if there should have been a DHCP
server, or if you use Internet Connection Sharing or a
hardware Internet Connection router, this is a
problem. Restart the ICS computer or the router, and
then restart your computer and try again.
Network maskThis usually looks like
255.255.255.0, but other settings are possible. At the
least, all computers on the same LAN should have the
same network mask.
Arigatou goizamasu. Akemishite
omedetou ~ !