Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Management
Each student will
introduce himself/herself
by a word beginning
with the same later or
initial sound as their
name.
Example:
I AM Lalit and I am
Lovely
SYLLABUS
Innovationis a new idea, more effective
device or process.
Innovation can be viewed as the
application of better solutions that meet
new requirements, inarticulate needs, or
existing market needs.
This is accomplished through more
effectiveproducts,processes,services,te
chnologies, orideasthat are readily
available
tomarkets,governmentsandsociety.
Innovation - Defined
Innovation is the implementation of new
ideas at the individual, group or
organizational level
Creativity - Defined
Creativity is the development of ideas
about
products, practices, services, or
procedures
that are novel and potentially useful to
the
organization
Eureka!
What Does It Take
to Be Creative?
Time
Hard work
Mental energy
Word Expansion
I
IN
GIN
GAIN
GRAIN
RATING
TRACING
CREATING
REDACTING
DEFRACTING
Philip L. Winters & Edward de Bono Creative Team 1999
o
The Creative Person
How are they different?
Personality Traits
Cognitive Creativity Skills
Domain-specific Knowledge
Intrinsic Motivation
Characteristics of Creative
People
Personality Traits of
Creative People
Persistence
Self-confidence
Independence
Attraction to complexity
Tolerance of ambiguity
Intuitiveness
Personality Traits of
Creative People
Have broad interests
Are energetic
Drive to achieve
Love their work
Take risks
Cognitive Creativity
Skills
Think creatively
Generate alternatives
Suspend judgment
Domain-Specific Knowledge
Develops Via
Education Training
Contextual
Experience
Knowledge
Creativity Enhancers
Focus on intrinsic Hire creative people
motivation Enriched, complex jobs
Creativity goals Provide resources
Developmental Clear organizational
goals
feedback
Instructions to be
Supportive supervision creative
Healthy competition Recognize and reward
Participative decision creativity
making Encourage risk taking
Autonomy No punishment for
failure
Creativity Enhancers
Workforce diversity Organizational
Internal and culture the
external interaction promotes
Diverse teams innovation
skilled at working Flexible, flat
together structures
Supportive climate Close interaction
and relationships
with customers
How Can Organizations
Foster Creativity?
Hire creative & Provide resourcesDesign complex &
diverse workforce esp. time challenging jobs
Flexible
Flat
Structures
That promote
Internal &
Close Contact
External
w/ Customers
Interaction
Creativity Killers
Preparation
Verification Incubation
Illumination
Flow - Defined
Flow (autotelic experience) occurs
when
people experience a state of effortless
concentration and enjoyment
Creative Thinking
Techniques
Brainstorming Rules
Expressiveness - Say whatever ideas
come to mind without focusing on
constraints
Non-evaluation - No criticism allowed;
all are valuable
Quantity - Produce as many ideas as
possible
Building - Expand on other
peoples ideas
Creative Thinking
Techniques
Brainwriting
Hybrid of both
individual and group
brainstorming
Innovation is
introduction of a new
idea into the
marketplace in the form
of a new product or
service or new market
or an improvement in
organization or process.
Ideas have little value
unless they are
converted into useful
product and services
Characteristics of
INNOVATION
Innovation leads to changes
Result of a thoughtful plan
Can bring complete revolution or an extension
to existing products
Provide unique identity to a business
Innovation are action oriented and result
oriented
Help in making products and processes simple
to understand
Innovation involve continuous
experimentation and testing.
DO IT is a process for creativity
D - Define problem
T - Transform
Components of Creativity
Intrinsic Motivation
Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that
comes from inside an individual rather than
from any external or outside rewards, such as
money or grades. The motivation comes from
the pleasure one gets from the task itself or
from the sense of satisfaction in completing or
even working on a task. An intrinsically
motivated person will work on a math equation,
for example, because it is enjoyable. Intrinsic
motivation facilitates creativity and academic
performance, whereas extrinsic motivation
hinders creativity but has no effect on academic
performance.
Skills in task
A developed talent or ability: writing skills.
Knowledge of the problem
technical skill required in solving it
Radical Innovation:
Market changes
Problem solving.
Innovation in Automobile
industry
Automobile industry is one of the most competitive
industry , which has to innovate much in its R&D .
SO
1
Explaining lateral thinking
Mind is like mud grooves are
formed where water/thoughts run.
Need to form new avenues
Discovery consists of looking at the
same thing as everyone else and
thinking something different Albert
Szent-Gyorgyi, Nobel Prize Winner
Vertical thinking Vs Lateral thinking
Area of focus
VII
Add a single line to turn this into an eight
3
Lateral thinking - Exercise
IX
Add a single line to turn
this into a six
4
Solutions
1. IX
2. SIX
3. IX6
5
The six thinking hats - Process and rationale
Rationale
7
Six thinking hats
16
Creativity Can Be Learned
Inventing is a skill that some people have
and some dont. But you can learn how to
invent. You have to have the will not to
jump at the first solution because the
elegant solution might be around the
corner. An inventor is someone who says,
Yes, thats one way to do it but it doesnt
seem to be an optimum solution. Then
he keeps on thinking.
Ray Dolby, inventor
Problems cannot be
solved by thinking
within the framework
within which the
problems were
created
Left and Right Brain in Creativity
Process Evaluation
Consumers are asked about needs, 1. Can be expensive (need
problems and ideas, either:- hundreds of responses or
detailed interviews)
- quantitatively - Hundreds are asked
to rank whether satisfied or 2. Good for making product
unsatisfied with particular attributes improvements
- qualitatively - through discussion in 3. Rarely effective in finding
focus groups entirely novel ideas
Attribute Listing
Process Evaluation
1. List attributes of - Produces solutions directly pertinent
product to the problem
- Need to concentrate on attributes
2. Take each attribute in related to primary functions,
turn. (No more than 7 otherwise its easy to become
at a time) irrelevant
3. Consider how each - Unlikely to produce true novelty or
can be modified richness in problem solution
QWERTYUIOP
Examples of Rule-Breaking Creativity
Who How?
Columbus Broke the rule that to travel East you cannot go West
General Motors Broke Fords rule of any colour, as long as its black
Henry VIII Broke the rule that the Pope should hold sway in England
Bell Labs Broke the rule that electrons need to travel in a vacuum for
signal processing
3. Be Fool-ish: Examples
Think against the conventional flow, like the fool in
Shakespearean times
Case Area
Clown
Good madonna, why mournest thou?
OLIVIA
Good fool, for my brother's death.
Clown
I think his soul is in hell, madonna.
OLIVIA
I know his soul is in heaven, fool.
Clown
The more fool, madonna, to mourn for your brother's soul being in heaven. Take away
the fool, gentlemen
4. Ask What If?
Ask what if someone else were
solving your problem for you, eg
Churchill
Machiavelli
Freud
Ghandi
Mozart
John von Neumann Used knowledge from poker playing to develop the
(Mathematician) game theory model of economics