A Tutorial on the

Zachman Framework for

Enterprise Architecture

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 1

Zachman Framework

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 2

 Zachman Framework
V A E n t e r p r i s e D A T A F U N C T I O N N E T W O R K P E O P L E T I M E M O T I V A T I O N B a s e d o n w o r k b y

W h a t H o w W h e r e W h o W h e n W h y
A r c h i t e c t u r e J o h n A . Z a c h m a n

T h i n g s Im p o r t a n t P r o c e s s e s B u s i n e s s I m p o r t a n t E v e n t s S i g n i f ic a n t B u s i n e s s G o a l s
S C O P E S C O P E

t o t h e B u s i n e s s P e r f o r m e d l o c a t i o n s O r g a n iz a t i o n s t o t h e B u s i n e s s a n d S t r a t e g y

( C O N T E X T U A L ) ( C O N T E X T U A L )

E n t i t y = C l a s s o f F u n c t i o n = C l a s s o f N o d e = M a j o r P e o p l e = M a j o r T i m e = M a j o r E n d s / M e a n s =
P l a n n e r P l a n n e r

B u s i n e s s T h i n g B u s i n e s s P r o c e s s B u s i n e s s L o c a t i o n s O r g a n iz a t i o n s B u s i n e s s E v e n t M a j o r B u s i n e s s G o a ls

S e m a n t ic M o d e l B u s i n e s s P r o c e s s B u s i n e s s L o g i s t ic s W o r k F l o w M o d e l M a s t e r S c h e d u le B u s i n e s s P la n
E N T E R P R I S E E N T E R P R I S E

M o d e l S y s t e m

M O D E L M O D E L

( C O N C E P T U A L ) ( C O N C E P T U A L )

E n t = B u s i n e s s E n t i ty P r o c = B u s i n e s s P r o c e s s N o d e = B u s i n e s s L o c a t i o n P e o p l e = O r g a n i z a t i o n U n i t T i m e = B u s in e s s E v e n t E n d = B u s in e s s O b j e c t iv e
O w n e r O w n e r

R e l = B u s i n e s s R e l a t i o n s h i p I / O = B u s i n e s s R e s o u r c e s L i n k = B u s i n e s s L i n k a g e W o r k = W o r k P r o d u c t C y c l e = B u s i n e s s C y c l e M e a n s = B u s i n e s s S t r a t e g y

L o g i c a l D a t a A p p l i c a t i o n D i s t r i b u t e d S y s t e m H u m a n I n t e r f a c e P r o c e s s i n g B u s i n e s s R u l e
S Y S T E M M O D E L S Y S T E M M O D E L

M o d e l A r c h i t e c t u r e A r c h i t e c t u r e A r c h i t e c t u r e S t r u c t u r e M o d e l

( L O G I C A L ) ( L O G I C A L )

E n t = D a t a E n t i ty P r o c = A p p l i c a t i o n F u n c t i o n N o d e = I S F u n c t i o n P e o p l e = R o l e T i m e = S y s t e m E v e n t E n d = S t r u c t u r a l A s s e r t i o n
D e s i g n e r D e s i g n e r

R e l = D a t a R e l a t i o n s h ip I / O = U s e r V ie w s L i n k = L i n e C h a r a c t e r i s t ic s W o r k = D e l iv e r a b l e C y c l e = P r o c e s s i n g C y c l e M e a n s = A c t i o n A s s e r t i o n

P h y s i c a l D a t a S y s t e m T e c h n o l o g y P r e s e n t a t i o n C o n t r o l R u l e
T E C H N O L O G Y T E C H N O L O G Y

M o d e l D e s i g n A r c h i t e c t u r e A r c h i t e c t u r e S t r u c t u r e D e s i g n

M O D E L M O D E L

( P H Y S I C A L ) ( P H Y S I C A L )

E n t = S e g m e n t / T a b l e P r o c = C o m p u t e r F u n c t i o n N o d e = H a r d w a r e / S o f tw a r e P e o p l e = U s e r T i m e = E x e c u t e E n d = C o n d i t i o n
B u i l d e r B u i l d e r

R e l = P o i n t e r / K e y I / O = D a t a E l e m e n ts / S e ts L i n k = L i n e S p e c i f i c a t i o n s W o r k = S c r e e n F o r m a t C y c l e = C o m p o n e n t C y c le M e a n s = A c t i o n

D a t a P r o g r a m N e tw o r k S e c u r i ty T i m in g R u l e
D E T A I L E D D E T A I L E D

D e f i n i t i o n A r c h i t e c t u r e A r c h i t e c t u r e D e f i n i t i o n D e s i g n

R E P R E S E N T A T I O N S R E P R E S E N T A T I O N S

( O U T - O F - C O N T E X T ) ( O U T - O F - C O N T E X T )

E n t = F ie l d P r o c = L a n g u a g e S t a t e m e n t N o d e = A d d r e s s e s P e o p l e = I d e n t i t y T i m e = I n t e r r u p t E n d = S u b - C o n d i t i o n
S u b - C o n t r a c t o r S u b - C o n t r a c t o r

R e l = A d d r e s s I / O = C o n t r o l B l o c k L i n k = P r o t o c o ls W o r k = J o b C y c l e = M a c h i n e C y c l e M e a n s = S t e p

D a t a F u n c t i o n N e tw o r k O r g a n iz a t i o n S c h e d u l e S t r a t e g y
F U N C T I O N I N G F U N C T I O N I N G

E N T E R P R I S E E N T E R P R I S E

E n t = P r o c = N o d e = P e o p l e = T i m e = E n d =

R e l = I / O = L i n k = W o r k = C y c l e = M e a n s =

3
D A T A F U N C T I O N N E T W O R K P E O P L E T I M E M O T I V A T I O N

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr

W h a t H o w W h e r e W h o W h e n W h y
 Zachman Framework
Row 1 Scope
External Requirements and Drivers
Business Function Modeling

Row 2 Enterprise Model

Business Process Models

Row 3 System Model

Logical Models What How Where Who When Why

Requirements Definition
1 Contextual Contextual
Row 4 Technology Model
Physical Models 2 Conceptual Conceptual

Solution Definition and Development

Row 5 As Built
3 Logical Logical

As Built 4 Physical Physical

Deployment
Row 6 Functioning 5 As Built As Built

Enterprise
Functioning Enterprise 6 Functioning Functioning

What How Where Who When Why

Evaluation
A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 4
 Framework Rules
Basic Model = Entities and Relationships

Relationship
Rule 1: Entity Entity

Columns have no order

Rule 2:
What How Where Who When Why
Each column has a simple, basic model
Contextual Contextual
Rule 3:
Conceptual Conceptual
Basic model of each column is unique
Logical Logical
Rule 4:
Each row represents a distinct view Physical Physical

Rule 5: As Built As Built

Each cell is unique Functioning Functioning

Rule 6: What How Where Who When Why

Combining the cells in one row forms a

complete description from that view

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 5

 Zachman Framework Row 1
Scope/Planners View
Motivation/Why External Requirements
Business goals, objectives and performance
measures related to each function and Drivers
Function/How Business Function
High-level business functions Modeling
Data/What
High-level data classes related to each What How Where Who When Why
function
1 Contextual Contextual
People/Who
Stakeholders related to each function Conceptual Conceptual

Logical Logical
Network/Where
VA locations related to each function Physical Physical

As Built As Built

Time/When
Cycles and events related to each Functioning Functioning

function What How Where Who When Why

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 6

 Zachman Framework Row 2
Enterprise Model/Designers View
Motivation/Why Business Process Models
Policies, procedures and standards for each
process Business Function
Function/How Allocation
Business processes Elimination of Function
Data/What
Overlap and Ambiguity
Business data What How Where Who When Why

Contextual Contextual
People/Who
VA roles and responsibilities in each 2 Conceptual Conceptual

process
Logical Logical
Network/Where
VA locations related to each process Physical Physical

As Built As Built

Time/When
Events for each process and sequencing Functioning Functioning

of integration and process improvements What How Where Who When Why

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 7

 Zachman Framework Row 3
System Model/Designers View
Motivation/Why Logical Models
VA policies, standards and procedures
associated with a business rule model Project Management
Function/How Requirements Definition
Logical representation of information
systems and their relationships
Data/What
Logical data models of data and data What How Where Who When Why
relationships underlying VA information
Contextual Contextual
People/Who
Logical representation of access privileges Conceptual Conceptual

constrained by roles and responsibilities

3 Logical Logical
Network/Where
Logical representation of the distributed Physical Physical

system architecture for VA locations

As Built As Built

Time/When
Logical events and their triggered responses Functioning Functioning

constrained by business events and their responses What How Where Who When Why

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 8

 Zachman Framework Row 4
Technology Model/Builders View
Motivation/Why Physical Models
VA business rules constrained by information
systems standards Technology Management
Function/How Solution Definition and
Specifications of applications that operate
on particular technology platforms Development
Data/What
Database management system (DBMS) type What How Where Who When Why
requirements constrained by logical data models
Contextual Contextual
People/Who
Specification of access privileges to Conceptual Conceptual

specific platforms and technologies

Logical Logical
Network/Where
Specification of network devices and their 4 Physical Physical

relationships within physical boundaries

As Built As Built

Time/When
Specification of triggers to respond to system Functioning Functioning

events on specific platforms and technologies What How Where Who When Why

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 9

 Zachman Framework Row 5
As Built/Integrators View
Motivation/Why As Built
VA business rules constrained by specific
technology standards Configuration Management
Function/How Deployment
Programs coded to operate on specific
technology platforms
Data/What
Data definitions constrained by physical What How Where Who When Why
data models
Contextual Contextual
People/Who
Access privileges coded to control access Conceptual Conceptual

to specific platforms and technologies

Logical Logical
Network/Where
Network devices configured to conform to Physical Physical

node specifications
5 As Built As Built

Time/When
Timing definitions coded to sequence Functioning Functioning

activities on specific platforms and technologies What How Where Who When Why

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 10

 Zachman Framework Row 6
Functioning Enterprise/Users View
Motivation/Why Functioning Enterprise
Operating characteristics of specific
technologies constrained by standards Operations Management
Function/How
Evaluation
Functioning computer instructions
Data/What
Data values stored in actual databases What How Where Who When Why

Contextual Contextual
People/Who
VA personnel and key stakeholders Conceptual Conceptual

working within their roles and responsibilities

Logical Logical
Network/Where
Sending and receiving messages Physical Physical

Integrated Integrated

Time/When
Timing definitions operating to sequence 6 Functioning Functioning

activities What How Where Who When Why

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 11

VA Zachman
Framework Portal

A Tutorial on the Zachman Enterpr 12