Urban Problems

Related To Energy

Siddharth Modi 11527

Jignesh Khapandi 11568
Anand Dulera 11559
Vadan Vala 11590
ENERGY
Energy is the power derived from the utilization of
physical or chemical resources, especially to provide light
and heat or to work machines.

Renewable energy
Non Renewable energy
Fuel share of energy consumption in
India

Source: Ministry of Power, Government of India. 2015

Urban vs Rural
URBAN RURAL

Anurban areais the An rural areais the region

region surrounding a outside a city.
city. Most inhabitants of rural
areashave agricultural
Most inhabitants of
jobs.
urban areashave
Rural areasare not
nonagricultural jobs. developed,meaningthere
Urban areasare very is less density of human
developed,meaningt structures such as houses,
commercial buildings,
here is a density of roads, bridges, and
human structures such railways.
as houses, commercial Rural area" can refer to
buildings, roads, villages.
Urban vs Rural
FUEL ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR COOKING

75
80

70
57
60

50

40

30 22

20 10 10 10

10

0
FIREWOOD KEROSENE LPG

RURAL URBAN

Source: Ministry of Power, Government of India. 2015

Urban vs Rural
FUEL ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR HOME LIGHTING

92
100
90
80
70
55
60
44
50
40
30
20 7
10
0
ELECTRICITY KEROSENE

RURAL URBAN

Source: Ministry of Power, Government of India. 2015

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Sustainable development is the organizing

principle for meeting human development
goals while at the same time sustaining the
ability of natural systems to provide the natural
resources and ecosystem services upon which
the economy and society depends.
 Energy Demand
In developed countries (besides India) the amount of energy used is
much more compared to underdeveloped / developing countries.
Industrialized developed countries use energy for these purposes:
(i) residential and commercial
(ii) industrial
(iii) transportation.
In less-developed countries ( for example India), most of the energy is
used by individuals.
 The economics of energy consumption describe that a country with
high GNP (gross national product roughly national income) use less
per capita energy for residential and commercial needs, than a less
developed country like Africa and India.

Reason is very simple. North Americans use air conditioning,

refrigeration, water heating and space heating. So 75 percent energy is
used in these gadgets. In India, almost all of the energy used in home is
for cooking due to scarcity and high cost of fuel.
The energy demanding activities
include:

This is alist of countriesby totalenergy consumption

per capita. this is not the consumption of end-users but all
energy needed as input to produce fuel and electricity for
end-users. It is known as Total Primary Energy Supply
 Modern life style
Electrical Gadgets
in houses, offices
& business
establishments
 Transportation
Includes
automobiles,
trains, metro-rails
etc.
 Industrial Plants

These
consume Manufacturingaccounts for 85% of industrial energy use. That
includes:

a big

Processing food and materials like petroleum, iron ore,
bauxite, wood, and other minerals

Refining oil and gas

portion of

Heat treating metal

Assembling cars

energy
Industrial energy use
also includesnon-
manufacturingactivit
ies, like:
Agriculture
Construction
Mining
Water and wastewater
treatment
 Waste Disposal
Using
energy
based
Incineration-Incinerationis a waste treatment process that
involves the combustion of organic substances contained in
waste materials. Incinerationof waste materials converts the

techniques
waste into ash, flue gas, and heat.

Gasification-Gasificationis a process that converts organic

for the or fossil fuel based carbonaceous materials into carbon
monoxide, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. This is achieved by

disposal of reacting the material at high temperatures without

combustion, with a controlled amount of oxygen and/or
steam.
huge
amount of
waste.
 Prevention & Control
Depending on Air Pollution:

energy based 1. Carpool.

technologies 2. Walk or ride a bicycle.
for the 3. Shop by phone or mail.
prevention & 4. Ride public transit.
control of air, 5. Telecommute.
water, thermal Thermal Pollution:

1. Cooling towers.
& nuclear 2. Cooling ponds.
pollution
Water Pollution:
1. No rubbish in streams.
2. Use water wisely.
3. Dont throw chemicals, oils, paints, etc
in water.
4. Avoid overuse of chemicals and
pesticides.

Nuclear Pollution:
1. Follow safety measures.
2. Leakage be checked regularly.