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EXTENSION SERVICES FOR SPECIFIC GROUP

NOR EZAN BIN OMAR
[be seen or you are a nobody]
ezan.omar@facebook.com
 IFLA
LIBRARY SERVICES TO PEOPLE WITH
SPECIAL NEEDS

Before 1980s, clear international concerns for library services to disadvantaged

groups were not well-represented.
1980 - 1989
1981, libraries serving disadvantaged person new terms of reference became:

The promotion of services to those members of the community who are unable to use
library services available to others, e.g.. hospital patients and people in penal
institutions;

The promotion of services to those who have difficulty using available library
services, e.g.. housebound people, and elderly people using centers or living in
residential homes;

The promotion of library services to people who are handicapped and who live in the
community, e.g.. the mentally and physically handicapped, including the deaf:

To improve libraries in hospitals and to promote professionalism in the field;

To provide a forum for discussion on the reading problems of the handicapped.

 IFLA
LIBRARY SERVICES TO PEOPLE WITH
SPECIAL NEEDS

1980 1989
Draft guidelines for library services to prisoners
Workshop on prison library build a child and you dont have to
repair the adult
Agreed that deaf individuals, where a large group of
handicapped readers who have perhaps been neglected by
librarians in the past.
1988, conference entitled opening doors for closed ears
Developed guidelines for library services to deaf people
Professional report series:
Books for the mentally handicapped: a guide to selection
Guidelines for libraries serving hospital patients and disabled
people in the community
 IFLA
LIBRARY SERVICES TO PEOPLE WITH
SPECIAL NEEDS

1990 1999
1991, Published guidelines for library services to prisoners
1997, Published guidelines for easy-to-read materials
2000 2009
2001, Published international resource book for libraries serving disadvantaged
persons
Guidelines for library services to hospital patients and the elderly and disabled
in long-term care institutions
Guidelines for library services to deaf people, 2 nd ed.
Guidelines for library services to persons with dyslexia
2005, Guidelines for library services to prisoners
2005, Published access to libraries for persons with disabilities - checklist
2007, Guidelines for library services to persons with dementia
2009, Published a glossary of terms related to LSN
2009, Published guidelines for easy-to-read materials, 3 rd ed.
2009, Published international resource book for libraries serving disadvantaged
persons, 2 nd ed.
 SPECIFIC GROUP

Comprises of people with different feature or noticeable characters where

their needs and requirements also differs.
According:
Age
Social group
Physical condition
Can be:
Elderly and senior citizens
People with disabilities
Disadvantages communities
Homeschoolers
Homebound
Young children
People in detention
 ELDERLY AND SENIOR
CITIZENS

Most developed world countries have accepted the

chronological age of 65 years as a definition of 'elderly'
or older person.
The UN has not adopted a standard criterion, but
generally use 60+ years to refer to the older population.
Malaysia is forecasted to have an ageing population by
2030 when 15% of population are elderly.
Use public libraries for recreational and leisure.
Need materials such as large print books, served through
housebound service or mobile library service.
 PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

Also known as disabled people or physically disabled

people
An impairment or disability, that limits or prevents the
fulfillment of a role that is normal, depending on age,
sex, social and cultural factors, for that individual.
A physical impairment which has a substantial and long
term effect on their ability to carry our day-to-day
activities.
The information services is extended to this group of
people to avoid them from feeling neglected or avoided
by the authorities.
 DISADVANTAGE
COMMUNITIES

People who are denied access to and use of the same tools
found useful by the majority of society. these include
autonomy, incentive, responsibility, self-respect, community
or support, health, education, information, employment,
capital, and responsive support systems.
Mayer (2003)
Overcoming disadvantages is of utmost importance to this
group and among the alternative is to empower them so that
they could remove all the barriers towards self development.
information resource is one of the empowerment tools.
The level of information use literacy is often very low in
disadvantaged communities. the number of illiterate people,
who cannot read, let alone use computers.
 DISADVANTAGE COMMUNITIES
POOR / LOW INCOME PEOPLE

If a family's total income is less than the family's

threshold (level), then that family and every individual in
it is considered in poverty.
 DISADVANTAGE
COMMUNITIES
RURAL, NATIVE GROUP

Rural - the rural people of the developing and

underdeveloped countries are in dire need of the
information extension service as a mean to empower
them towards self development
Native group - known as pribumi term that refers to a
population group that shares a similar sociocultural
heritage and whose members are considered as origins
of the country
Geographically remote communities far from
population, one that lacks the transportation links that
would otherwise be considered normal.
 DISADVANTAGE
COMMUNITIES
HOMELESS PEOPLE

Homeless people are people who do not stay, more over

own a house as shelter. the live on the streets, in a hostel
or refuge, in a squat or bed-and-breakfast
accommodation, or living temporarily with friends or
relatives because they have nowhere else to go.
 HOMESCHOOLERS

Child is educated at home, rather than at a local private or public

school. it's an option for schooling that's gaining popularity.
homeschoolers are a uniquely resourceful, independent, and
intense group of people!
Reasons for choosing homeschooling:
Dissatisfaction with the learning environment or quality of education at
local public or private schools;
Do not share the same religious beliefs as the school in the area;
Can't afford private school but dont like public school
The bus ride to school is too long;
Parents dont want to "miss anything" as their child grows up, but want
to share in experiences and spend as much time together as possible.
 HOMEBOUND

Due to physical injury or sickness not physical

handicapped.
 YOUNG CHILDREN

0-3 years old

4-6 years old.
Group of children at risk of severe disadvantage from
social and/or economic hardship:
Children of single parents
Children of the long term unemployed
Many minority children
All homeless children
Wards of the state
 EXTENSION SERVICES
YOUNG CHILDREN

Future of the country.

Development of cognitive (knowledge), affective
(attitude), psychomotor(skills) abilities of children.
Library as center of knowledge can play an indirect role
to nurture reading habit among young children.
Children should be exposed to book as early as possible.
Demand from parents and community as information
resources are becoming more expensive and complicated
where guidance from professionals are in need
 PEOPLE IN DETENTION

Prison
Juvenile detention center
Immigration detention center
Psychiatric prison
 EXTENSION SERVICES FOR
SPECIFIC GROUP
LIMITATION

Funding
Provided by government agencies but it depends on how
well a central library plays its role in providing extension
service.
Decreasing population
Small number of children due to decreasing population in
an area may hinder the provision or continuation of
extension service because of cost benefit factors
 EXTENSION SERVICES FOR
SPECIFIC GROUP
TYPES

Mobile service
The mobile libraries deliver a library service to rural
communities that do not have access to the branch library
service. the mobile libraries carry a wide range of adult and
children's books, along with books on tape, free internet access
and a free request service for books not in stock.
The mobile library brings the local authority service to the heart
of the rural community. it is a service that places a high priority
on answering the needs of the individual citizen in the rural
community.
The mobile library service still plays a key role in delivering a
library service to isolated communities, those with limited
access to transport, people with disabilities and young people in
rural communities.
 EXTENSION SERVICES FOR
SPECIFIC GROUP
TYPES

Homebound library service

Provides home delivery of library materials for individuals who
are unable to visit the library due to disability or extended illness.
Volunteers and library staff deliver library materials to
homebound persons in area nursing homes, retirement
apartments, and individual residences. the service is provided to
residents area who are unable to visit one of the library branches
or the bookmobile.
Public library homebound delivery service delivers library
materials free of charge to those who cannot come to the library.
library materials include books, magazine, movies, reference
services, and programs. majority of homebound delivery service
patron are not able to participate in daily interaction that most of
us do.