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2
Building
Review Block 1: Mole
Lecture 2
Balances
in terms of conversion, X
Reactor Differential Algebraic Integral
X
X
dX
Batch N A0
dX
r AV t N A0
dt 0
rAV
t
FA 0 X
CSTR V
rA
X
dX dX
PFR FA 0 rA V FA0
dV 0
rA
X
X
dX dX
PBR
FA 0 rA W FA0
3 dW 0
rA
W
Building
Review Lecture 3 Block 2: Rate
Laws
Power Law Model:
rA kC C order in A
A B
order in B
Overall Rection Order
2 A B 3C
A reactor follows an elementary rate law if the reaction
orders just happens to agree with the stoichiometric
coefficients for the reaction as written.
e.g. If the above reaction follows an elementary rate law
rA k AC C B
2
A
4
2nd order in A, 1st order in B, overall third order
Review Lecture 4
Building Block 3:
Stoichiometry
5
Review Lecture 5
Building Block 4: Combine
6
Review Lecture 5
Building Block 4:
Combine
7
Todays lecture
Example for Liquid Phase Undergraduate Laboratory
Experiment
(CH2CO)2O + H2O 2CH3COOH
A + B 2C
Entering
Volumetric flow rate v0 = 0.0033 dm3/s
Acetic Anhydride 7.8% (1M)
Water 92.2% (51.2M)
Elementary with k 1.95x10-4 dm3/(mol.s)
10
CSTR Laboratory Experiment
Example: CH3CO2 + H20 2CH3OOH
C A0 1M
C B 0 51.2 M
X?
V 1 dm 3 3
dm
0 3.3 10 3
s
2C
A+B
FA0 X
1) MoleBalance: CSTR: V
11 rA
CSTR Laboratory Experiment
2) Rate Law: rA k AC AC B
3) Stoichiometry:
A FA0 -FA0X FA=FA0(1-X)
B FA0B -FA0X FB=FA0(B-X)
C 0 2FA0X FC=2FA0X
12
CSTR Laboratory Experiment
FA FA0 1 X
CA C A 0 1 X
0
FA0 B X
CB C A0 B X
0
51.2
B 51.2
1
C B C A0 51.2 X C A0 51.2 C B 0
13
CSTR Laboratory Experiment
rA k ' C B 0 C A0 1 X kCA0 1 X
k
0 kCA0 X V kX V kX
V
C A 0 1 X 0 1 X 0 1 X
k
X
1 k
3.03
X 0.75
4.03
14
PFR Laboratory Experiment
A + B 2C
dm 3
0.00324 0.311 dm 3 X ?
s
1) Mole Balance: dX rA
dV FA0
3) Stoichiometry: C A C A 0 1 X
CB CB 0
15
PFR Laboratory Experiment
4) Combine: rA k ' C B 0C A0 1 X kCA0 1 X
dX kCA0 1 X
dV C A0 0
dX k
dV kd
1 X 0
1
ln k
1 X
X 1 e k
V 0.311dm 3
96.0 sec k 0.01 s 1
0 0.00324 dm sec
3
16 X 0.61
Gas Flow PFR Example
2 NOCl 2 NO + Cl2
2A 2B + C
dm 3 dm 3 mol
0 10 k 0.29 C A0 0.2
s mol s L
T T0 P P0 X 0.9 V ?
1) Mole Balance: dX rA
dV FA0
17
Gas Flow PFR Example
3) Stoichiometry: 0 1 X
(Gas Flow)
C A 0 1 X
CA
1 X
A B + C
kCA2 0 1 X
2
4) Combine: rA
1 X 2
kC 1 X
2 2
dX
A0
dV C A00 1 X 2
Da
X
1 X 2 V
kCA0 kCA0V
18`1
0 1 X 2 dX
0
0
dV
0
kCA0
Gas Flow PFR Example
kCA0 2 1 ln 1 X X
2 1 2
X
1 X
1 1
y A0 1
2 2
kCA0 17.02
17.02
294 sec
kCA0
V V0 2940 L
19
Constant Volume Batch Example
Gas Phase 2A 2B + C t=?
3) Stoichiometry: V V0
(Gas Flow)
N A 0 1 X
CA C A 0 1 X
V0
rA kCA2 0 1 X
2
20
Constant Volume Batch Example
dX kC 1 X
2 2
4) Combine: kCA0 1 X
2
A0
dt C A0
dX
kCA0 1 X
2
dt
dX
kCA0 dt
1 X 2
1
kCA0t
1 X
21
t 155 sec
Heat Effects
Isothermal Design
Stoichiometry
Rate Laws
Mole Balance
22
End of Lecture 6
23