PRESENT CONTINUOUS

The present continuous puts emphasis on the course or duration of

an action. Continuous is used for actions going on in the moment
of speaking and for actions taking place only for a short period of
time. It is also used to express development and actions that are
arranged for the near future.
Use a form of to be and the infinite verb plus ing.
The present continuous also expresses an activity that is in
progress at the moment of speaking . It began in the recent past, is
continuing at present, and will probably end at some point in the
future.
Often the activity is of a general nature : something generally in
progress this week, this month, this year.
 DIAGRAM OF PRESENT CONTINUOUS

FINISH ??
START NOW
?

IN
PROGRESS

From this diagram we can see that an activity that is in progress at

the moment of speaking.
Example : He is sleeping right now
From this example we can explain that He went to sleep at 10.00
tonight. It is now 11.00 and He is still sleep. His sleep began in the
past, is in progress at the present time, and probably will continue
to the future
 SENTENCE PATTERN

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

V1/S/E TOBE +
S VING

IS/AM/AR
VING
E
(+) = S + IS/AM/ARE + VING + OBJ + ADV
(-) = S + IS/AM/ARE + NOT + VING + OBJ +
ADV
(?) = IS/AM/ARE + S + VING + OBJ + ADV
(WH) = WH + IS/AM/ARE + S + VING + OBJ
+ ADV
(P) = 0BJ + IS/AM/ARE + BEING + V 3 + BY
+ S + ADV
 SIGNAL WORDS OF PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Actions taking place at the moment of speaking (now, just now, right now, at the
moment, listen!, Look!)
Example : He is playing badmintoon

Arrangements for the near future (tonight, tomorrow, next Friday, at noon)
Example : I am going to the theatre tonight

Actions taking place only for a limited period of time (this week/month/year)
Example : Jim is helpingin his brothers firm this week

Actions taking place around now but not at the moment of speaking (now, at the
moment)
Example : I am studying for my exams

Development, changing situations (more and more)

Example : the population of China is rising more bigger than before
 PROGRESSIVE VERBS

Verbs are very important in language. Verb is word that

express action or condition, are essential for
communication.
As we know that Present Continuous familiar as Present
Progressive too. Usually present continuous use some
verbs that know as Progressive verbs.
Progressive verbs is verb that show action in progress.
Progressive verb is important because it helps make the
sequence of events clear and specific. There are some
rules of progressive verb or we know as spelling of Ing
form
 SOME RULES OF PROGRESSIVE VERBS
No Words Sign Example Explanation
-ing form : if the word ends
in e, drop the e and add
Hope Hoping ing
1. Verbs that end in -e Exc :If a verb ends in ee, the
Date Dating
final e is not dropped :
seeing
One-syllable verbs
stop stopping 1 vowel 2 consonants
rob robbing Exc : -w & -x are not doubled
Plow - plowing
Verbs that end in a
rain raining
2. vowel and a 2 vowels 1 consonant
fool fooling
consonant
Two-syllable verbs
listen listening 1st syllable stressed 1
open opening consonant
begin Beginning 2nd syllable stressed 2
prefer preferring consonants
start Starting If the word ends in two
Verbs that end in two
3. fold folding consonants, just add the
consonants
ending
enjoy enjoying If y is preceded by a vowel,
pray praying keep the -y
4. Verbs that end in -y study Studying If y is preceded by a
try trying consonant keep the y, add
-ing
die dying -ing form change ie to y,
5. Verbs that end in -ie
lie lying add -ing
 SYLLABLE RULES

A syllable is a basic unit of written and spoken language. It is an unit consisting of

uninterrupted sound that can be used to make up words. For example, the word hotel
has two syllables : ho and tel . These will be marked here as in ho/tel.
Way for Counting Syllables :
To find the number of syllables in a word, use the following steps :
Count the vowels in the word;
Subtract any silent vowels, (like the silent e at the end of a word, or the second vowel
when two vowels are together in a syllable);
Subtract one vowel from every diphthong (diphthongs only count as one vowel
sound);
The number of vowels sounds left is the same as the number of syllables.
The number of syllables that you hear when you pronounce a word is the same as the
number of vowels sound heard. For example :
1. The word come has 2 vowels, but the e is silent, leaving one vowel sound and one
syllable;
2. The word outside has 4 vowels, but the e is silent and the ou is a diphthong
which counts as only one sound, so this word has only two vowel sound and
therefore, two syllables.
 NON PROGRESSIVE VERBS

Example of Non Progressive Verbs

NO DESCRIBING EXAMPLE
1 MENTAL STATE Know Believe Imagine Want
Realize Feel Doubt Need
Understan Suppose Remember Prefer
d
Recognize Think * Forget Mean
2 EMOTIONAL Love Hate Fear Mind
STATE
Like Dislike Envy Care
Appreciate
3 POSSESSON Possess Have * Own Belong
4 SENSE Taste * Hear See * Smell *
PERCEPTIONS
5 OTHER EXISITING Seem Cost Look * Appear *
 NON PROGRESSIVE VERBS

Verbs with an asterisk are also commonly used as Progressive Verb, with a
difference in meaning, as in the following examples :

Word Non Progressive Verbs Progressive Verbs

Think I think he is a kind man I am thinking about this
grammar
Have He has a car I am having trouble
Taste This food tastes good The chef is tasting the sauce
Smell These flowers smell good Don is smelling the roses
See I see a butterfly. Do you see The doctor is seeing a patient
it?
Feel The cats fur feels soft Sue is feeling the cats fur
Look She looks cold I am looking out the window
Appear He appears to be asleep The actor is appearing on the
stage
Weigh A piano is heavy. It weights a The grocer is weighing the
lot bananas
 NON PROGRESSIVE VERBS

Verbs with an asterisk are also commonly used as Progressive Verb, with a
difference in meaning, as in the following examples :

Word Non Progressive Verbs Progressive Verbs

Think I think he is a kind man I am thinking about this
grammar
Have He has a car I am having trouble
Taste This food tastes good The chef is tasting the sauce
Smell These flowers smell good Don is smelling the roses
See I see a butterfly. Do you see The doctor is seeing a patient
it?
Feel The cats fur feels soft Sue is feeling the cats fur
Look She looks cold I am looking out the window
Appear He appears to be asleep The actor is appearing on the
stage
Weigh A piano is heavy. It weights a The grocer is weighing the
lot bananas