Controlled-Rectifier Fed Drive

Armature Field

ECE 442 Power 1

Electronics
 Chopper-Fed Drive

Armature Field

ECE 442 Power 2

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Equivalent Circuit of a Separately-Excited
DC Motor

ECE 442 Power 3

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 di f
v f Rf if Lf
dt
dia
va Ra ia La eg
dt
eg K v i f
Td K t i f ia
d
Td J B TL
dt
ECE 442 Power 4
Electronics
Steady state
d
0
dt
Vf Rf I f
Eg K v I f
Va Ra I a Eg
Va Ra I a K v I f
Td K t I f I a
Td B TL
Pd Td
ECE 442 Power 5
Electronics
 Solve for the motor speed

Va Ra I a K v I f
Va I a Ra Va I a Ra

Kv I f Vf
Kv
R
f

ECE 442 Power 6

Electronics
 Control of the motor speed

Control armature
voltage, Va
Voltage control
Va I a Ra
Control the field

current, If Vf
Current control Kv
Control the armature R
current, Ia
f

ECE 442 Power 7

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Magnetization Characteristic

ECE 442 Power 8

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 Characteristics of Separately-Excited Motors

Use armature
voltage control

Use field-current control

Rated
speed ECE 442 Power 9
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Equivalent circuit of a DC Series Motor

ECE 442 Power 10

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E g K v I a
Va ( Ra R f ) I a Eg
Va ( Ra R f ) I a K v I f
Td K t I a I f
Td B TL
Va ( Ra R f ) I a

Kv I f
ECE 442 Power 11
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 Controlling the Motor Speed

Control the armature

voltage, Va

Control the armature

current, Ia

ECE 442 Power 12

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Characteristics of DC Series motors

ECE 442 Power 13

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 Operating Modes

In variable-speed applications, a dc motor

may be operating in one or more of the
following Modes

Motoring
Regenerative braking
Dynamic braking
Plugging
ECE 442 Power 14
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 Motoring Mode

Back emf, Eg is < supply voltage Va

Both Ia and If are positive
Developed torque meets load demand
ECE 442 Power 15
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Regenerative Braking Mode

Motor acts as a Generator

Eg becomes > supply Voltage Va
Ia becomes negative
Kinetic energy of the motor is returned to the supply
ECE 442 Power 16
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 Dynamic Braking

Replace the supply voltage with a resistor

Power dissipated in the resistor rather than given back
to the source
ECE 442 Power 17
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 Plugging

Reverse the armature terminals while running

Va and Eg act in the same direction
Ia is reversed, producing braking torque
ECE 442 Power 18
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Four-Quadrant Operation

ECE 442 Power 19

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 Single-Phase DC Drive

Change Va by changing firing angle

Inductor Lm is a smoothing Inductor to prevent
discontinuous current
ECE 442 Power 20
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Armature Reversal

ECE 442 Power 21

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Field Reversal

ECE 442 Power 22

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Single-Phase Half-Wave Converter Drive

Vm
Va (1 cos a )
2
0 a
Vm
Vf (1 cos f )

0 f
ECE 442 Power 23
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Quadrant of Operation

ECE 442 Power 24

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Waveform Summary

ECE 442 Power 25

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Single-Phase Semiconverter Drives

Vm
Va (1 cos a )

0 a
Vm
Vf (1 cos f )

0 f
ECE 442 Power 26
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Quadrant(s) of Operation

Semiconverter one quadrant converter

One polarity of output voltage and current

ECE 442 Power 27

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Waveform Summary

ECE 442 Power 28

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Single-Phase Full-Converter Drives

ECE 442 Power 29

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 Quadrant(s) of Operation

Full converter two quadrant converter

Output voltage polarity can be positive or negative
Output current has one polarity

ECE 442 Power 30

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Waveform Summary

ECE 442 Power 31

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Single-Phase Dual-Converter Drives

Dual converter can operate in all four quadrants

Output voltage and current can be positive or negative
ECE 442 Power 32
Electronics