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Patterns
Chapter 2
1/31/17
Autosomal vs sex-linked
genes
Sex linked Single-Gene
Inheritance
Many plants and animals also have
sex chromosome
They segregate equally but the
phenotypic ratios in progeny are often
different
Drosophila
melanogaster
Lets practice sex-linked
inheritance Punnett Squares
W
X X W W
xX Y w w
X X xX Y W XWXw x XwY
XWXw x XWY
Key Concept: Sex-linked
inheritance regularly shows
different phenotypic ratios in the
two sexes of progeny, as well as
different ratios in reciprocal
crosses
Pedigrees and Calculating
Risks
Pedigree chart - a document to record ancestry
Breast Cancer
(BRCA2)
Autosomal
Inheritance of an autosomal
dominant disorder
Y-linked Inheritance
Only males inherit genes in the differential region
of the human Y chromosome
Why?
Inheritance of an X-linked
recessive disorder
Inheritance of an X-linked
dominant disorder
Calculating the Risk
Aa Aa Aa Aa
A- AA AA A-
2/3 he is 2/3 she is
a carrier A- a carrier
A-
1/3 he is 1/3 she is
a carrier a carrier
What to do first?
Make a pedigree and label
what you know
Calculate the percentages
Practice Problems to do on
your own
A scientist is very interested in the SRY gene
in humans, which is involved in male sex
determination and which is never found on X
chromosomes (i.e., this gene occurs in the
differential region of the Y chromosome).
SRY is an example of a _______________ gene.
a) Heterozygous
b) Homozygous
c) Null
d) Hemizygous
7. An allele of a gene of interest is best
described as
Refer to the following pedigree to answer
the next four questions. The pedigree
illustrated here shows individual II-2 affected
with a disease that is inherited in an
autosomal recessive pattern (with full
penetrance). Let A represent the dominant
allele and let a represent the recessive
allele.
The genotype of I-1 must be
a) AA.
b) Aa.
c) aa.
d) Insufficient data.
The genotype of II-1 must be
a) AA or Aa.
b) AA or aa.
c) Aa or aa.
d) AA, Aa, or aa.
What is the probability that if parents I-1 and
I-2 had another (fourth) child, he or she
would not have the disease?
a) 3/4
b) 2/3
c) 1/2
d) 1/3
What is the probability that II-3 is
heterozygous for the dominant and
recessive alleles?
a) 3/4
b) 2/3
c) 1/2
d) 1/3
Practice
problems.wahoooooo!
What is the chance the boy will have the
condition?
?
What is this pedigree and
example of?
A.Autosomal dominant
B.autosomal recessive
C.X-linked dominant
D.X-linked recessive
What is this pedigree and
example of?
Punnett Square to Practice
RR x rr Rr x Rr
Rr x rr RR x Rr
Below is the pedigree of a family
where some individuals are affected
with a mild condition of the skin.