TURE OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS IN IND

THERMAL POWER PLANT

 Introduction
India is presently the worlds fourth largest economy as
far as Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) terms as concerned
and the fifth large energy consumer in the world.

However, due to its high population of approximately 1.25

billion, the per-capita consumption of most energy related
products is extremely low.

Per capita energy consumption is lower than the worlds

average value
General layout
thermal power plant
 THERMAL POWER
Oldest sector in india

Contribution: -61% of total electricity

generation

Generates :-187525MW (as on

APRIL30,2016).

Key players:- NTPC, RPL,DVC,PGCL,TATA

POWER

GOVT. INITIATIVES: -
proposal of ten UMPPs each of capacity
4000MW (in 11th five year plan) ,projects
awarded to Reliance Power & Tata Power
 PRESENT ENERGY SENERIO OF POWER IN
INDIA.

SOURCE INSTALLED SHARE(%)

CAPACITY
COAL 187525.88 61.1%

LARGE HYDRO 43122.43 14.07%

GAS 25057.13 8.18%

DIESEL 918.89 .30%

NUCLEAR 5780.01 1.89%

RES as per MNRE 44236.66 14.44%

TOTAL 302833.22 100%

ENERGY GAP
IMPORTANCE OF THERMAL
POWER PLANTS FOR INDIA
In 1950 it was only 1.1% of thermal power
production of todays capacity.

The industry has been experiencing consistent

double digit growth and is currently the most
important source of electricity.

Currently India has around 116 coal based thermal

power plants. Of these, Vindhyachal Thermal
Power Station at Singrauli district in Madhya
Pradesh is the largest power station with an
installed capacity of 4760 MW.
UNFAVARABLE FACTORS
Environmental impact due to emission due to
fuel used.

Shortage of high quality and quantity of fuel.

Scarcity of water and it quality.

Land.
INTERNATIONAL AND GOI
INITIATIVES
Conference of party summit held in paris

GOI set new norms on PM(particulate

matter) emissions.

SO2 and NOX emissions are also to be

reduced
FUTURE...
The industry will continue to grow in
absolute terms.

National priorities and goals can only be

fullfilled by thermal power plant atleast in
the coming 2 decades

shortage of natural gas and diesel plants

made relay on TPPs.
FUTURE...(CONT)
Shortage of coal supply and demand gap
increased in past few decades

Land.

Advancement of technology in TPPs

equipments.
SUPER CRITICAL BOILERS
Pressure range

Sub critical : Below 221 bar

Super critical : 221 bar and above

What is a Super critical Steam Generator?

5
SC Steam generator 3
Boiler Steam Pressure
above the critical point Critical Point
221 bar, 374c
T 1-2 Feed Water Pumping Process
4
2-3 Heat addition in the Feed
Water Heaters & Boiler
Temperature

2 3-4 Expansion in HP Turbine

4-5 Reheating in Boiler
5-6 Expansion in IP & LP Turbine

1 6-1 Heat rejection in Condenser

6
S
Entropy
WORKING
Supercritical pressure boiler has no drum and heat absorbing
surface being, in effect, one continuous tube, in which the
water & steam generated in the furnace water walls passes
through only once hence called Once through Supercritical
pressure boilers

The water in boiler is pressurized by Boiler Feed Pump,

sensible heat is added in feed heaters, economizer and furnace
tubes, until water attains saturation temperature and flashes
instantaneously to dry saturated steam and super heating
commences.
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TWO SENERIOS IN THE FUTURE:
maintain its current level of impact in relation
to total power generation.
Decline its importance.

It is unlikely that thermal power will occupy a

greater proportion of total power generation unless
fuel shortages are resolved, big improvements in
logistics occur, and significantly better water
management is practiced.
THANK YOU ! !