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1
Newtons Second Law of Motion
If the resultant force acting on a particle is not
zero, the particle will have an acceleration
proportional to the magnitude of resultant and
in the direction of the resultant.
r r
F ma
If particle is subjected to several forces:
r r
F ma
We must use a Newtonian frame of reference, i.e., one that is
not accelerating or rotating.
If no force acts on particle, particle will not accelerate, i.e., it will
remain stationary or continue on a straight line at constant
velocity.
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Linear Momentum of a Particle
r r
r dv
F ma m dt
r d r
d
mv
dt dt
L
r r
L mv Linear momentum
r r&
Sum of forces = rate of change of linear momentum F L
r
If F 0 linear momentum is constant
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Equations of Motion
Newtons second law F ma
F t mat F n man
dv v2
F t m dt F n m
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Dynamic Equilibrium
Alternate expression of Newtons law:
r r
r F ma 0
ma inertia vector
If we include inertia vector, the system of
forces acting on particle is equivalent to
zero. The particle is said to be in
dynamic equilibrium.
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Problem 1
SOLUTION:
Draw a free body diagram
Apply Newtons law. Resolve
into rectangular components
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Problem 1
Psin30
Fx ma :
Pcos30 P cos30 0.25 N 80 2.5
200
W mg 80 9.81 785 N Fy 0 :
F k N 0.25 N N P sin 30 785 0
Solve for P and N
N P sin 30 785
P cos30 0.25 P sin 30 785 200
P 534.7 N
N 1052.4 N 7
Problem 2
F y mB aB mB g T2 mB aB
300 9.81 T2 300 aB
T2 2940- 300 aB
F y mC aC T2 2T1 0
2940- 300 aB 2T1 0 2940- 300 aB 200a A 0
2940- 300 aB 2 200aB 0
aB 4.2 m / s 2 a A 8.4 m / s
2
T1 840 N T2 1680 N
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Problem 3
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Problem 3
Resolve into tangential and normal components:
Ft mat : mg sin 30 mat
at g sin 30
at 4.9 m s 2
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Problem 4
SOLUTION:
The car travels in a horizontal circular
path with a normal component of
acceleration directed toward the center
of the path.The forces acting on the car
are its weight and a normal reaction
from the road surface.
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Sample Problem 4
Resolve the equation of motion for
the car into vertical and normal
components.
Fy 0 : R cos W 0
W
R
cos
W
Fn man : R sin an
SOLUTION: g
v 35.7m / s
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