Safe and Healthy Blood Donors

Selection criteria.

Mehwish ARSHAD
TRAINEE TECHNOLOGIST.
 Donor selection determines the eligibility
of a donor to donate blood.
 Types of blood donors
 Blood Donors

Voluntary Donors Donate Blood on their

own
Replacement Donors : from within the
patients own family or community
Autologous Blood Donor -Are patients who
donate their own blood for self
Apheresis Donor- Donate blood components
through the process of cell separation
Professional Donors -means a person who
donates blood for a valuable consideration, in
cash or kind, for any source, on behalf of the
recipient patient includes a paid donor or a
commercial donor.
 Voluntary Non Remunerated Blood Donors
are the low risk donors for
Safe blood
Sustainable blood Supply

Replacement Donors-not a preferred system

Risks of professional Donors.
Risk of hidden information
Policies and Guidelines

Donor Recruitment
Donor Retention

Donor Selection

Blood Collection

Donor Counseling
An adequate supply of low risk donors
requires
A donor recruitment program

A dedicated recruitment section with

trained
staf
Blood donors
The quality of the
Collection BTS is influenced by
the quality of each
Processing of the links

Screening
and testing

Transfusion
Blood safety

The first & the most important step, in ensuring that

blood and its products for transfusion do not have any
pathogenic virus/bacteria, is the PROPER SELECTION of
BLOOD DONORS.

Donor selection should be done carefully.

The donor should be in good health to avoid any

untoward efect to the donor or to the recipient.
Pre Donation Information
Documents to give information to donors

General advice
Pre- and post- donation
Information about giving blood

Deferral information
Self- deferral on the basis of medical condition
Self- deferral on the basis of risk behavior
 Registration, consent of the donor &
demographic information.
Medical history
Physical examination.
Laboratory tests
Demographic information: So that the donor can be
informed of any laboratory test abnormality or
can be called for future donation.
Donors name
Fathers/Husbands name
Date of birth/Age
Gender : Male/Female
Residential & Office address with phone
numbers.
 Donor selection criteria are essential
Based on accepted regional/ international
practice
Protect the donor
Ensures that it is safe for the donor to donate
Protect the recipient
Ensures that any risk of transfusion-
transmitted
infection or other adverse efect is minimized
 Medical interview-Collection of information on
health and behaviour for Critical assessment of
donors regarding fitness
What to ask and why
Maintain confidentiality
Good relationship comes from trust
Personal interviews should not be overheard
Maintain right of each donor to privacy
Medical examination
Haemoglobin testing
Weight
Medical Interview
Are you at present in good health?

When did you eat last?

Are you taking any medicine?

Have you been vaccinated recently?

Have you ever sufered a convulsion or

mental disorder?
Have you ever had jaundice?

Have you lost significant weight loss in

last six months ?
Should not
have been treated for rabies in the past one year

be treated for Malaria in the past three months

have had any immunizations in the last one month

have had any dental treatment

have taken Aspirin in the past 72 hours

have diabetes, heart disease or high BP, cancer, blood

clotting problem or blood disease
have TB, bronchial asthma or allergic disorder, liver
disease, kidney disease, fits or fainting
Should not
have cough, influenza or sore throat, common cold at
the time of blood donation
have taken any antibiotics or any other medications
(Allopathic or Ayurveda or Sidha or Homeo) in the
past 48 hours
have taken alcoholic beverages in the past 24 hours

be pregnant or breast feeding or donate during her

menstrual cycles
have donated blood in past 3 months
 Donor should be in good health.
Age -18 - 60 years
Haemoglobin - not less than 12.5 g/dL
Pulse - between 50 and 100/minute with no irregularities
Blood Pressure -Systolic 100-180 mm Hg and Diastolic 50 - 100 mm Hg
Temperature - Normal
Body weight - 45 kgs. ( for 350 ml.)
60 kgs. ( for 450 ml. )
Both male and female can donate blood
Skin at the venepuncture site should be free from any lesion or
scar of needle. Any pricks may indicate drug
Temporarily Defer the donor if history of

Major surgery six months

Minor surgery three months
Donated blood 3 months.
Tooth extraction/manipulation3 days
Received blood or blood component
transfusion 1yr
Aspirin defer if taken within last 3 days for
component preparation /plateletpheresis .
Temporarily Defer the donor with

Historyof malaria for three months after

treatment and cessation of symptoms .
Tuberculosis for five years after complete

treatment and cessation of symptoms.

Permanently Defer Donors with history of
Heart disease : Coronary disease,

Rheumatic heart disease,

Cardiac medication, cardiac surgery

Hypertension

Endocrine :diabetes, hyperthyroidism

Malignancy

High risk group donors for HIV infection

Permanently Defer Donors with history of
Chronic renal failure

Chronic liver disease

Stomach ulcer

Bleeding tendencies

Severe allergic disorder, Asthma

Medications : anticoagulants,
anticonvulsants, immuno suppressives,
cardiac medications.
 Donor should meet all the acceptable
criteria for routine whole blood donation
however :
Age of the donor-18 to 50 years.

Weight of the donor-> than 55-60kg.

TTI Results - non-reactive

The pre-procedure platelet count should

be more than 150,000 per cubic mm.

 Donor should not have taken aspirin or any
other platelet inhibitor in last 72 hours.
The donor should not be fasting prior to the
procedure,
Donor should have a prominent and easily
accessible central anticubital vein in at least one
of the arm.
 The minimum time gap between two blood
donations should be 12 weeks/3 months
Whole blood donation must be deferred for

at least 72 hours after plateletpheresis

In case of re-infusion failure, donor should

not donate whole blood for 12 weeks

 Donor care before, during and after donation
Donating blood should be a pleasant experience
The venue must be a safe place for the donor
The venue must be comfortable & clean.

Adequately Address Adverse reactions

Facilities to deal with any reactions during or after
donation
DONOR CARE-BEFORE DONATION
Everyone involved in interviewing & counselling
should develop a friendly & tactful approach that
encourages donors to be honest & accurate in their
answers to questions about their medical history.
The health check should always be handled
professionally so that the donors feel they are in
good hands
Be sensitive to the donors feelings of fear &
embarrassment
No chatting with other staf & ignoring the donor
DONOR CARE-DURING DONATION
Staf must be trained in interpersonal skills and
should always be smart & clean in appearance
with high standard of personal hygiene
Staf should have pleasant manners & be
capable of conversing freely with donors at the
time of donation.
An act of carelessness or lack of
professionalism by staf during or after donation
can be detrimental to the donors coming back
again to donate blood.
 Observe the donor for 8-10 minutes on the
donor chair
to prevent adverse reactions.
Observe for another 10 minutes in the

refreshment area whilst Donor has refreshment .

Inspect the venepuncture site before the donor

leaves the donor room.

 Ask the donor to write his comments/suggestions
in the donor refreshment register
Thank donors WITH APPRECIATION so that

they are motivated and encouraged to become

repeat regular voluntary blood donor.
Post donation instruction to the donor
before leaving blood bank
Drink more fluid in next 24 hours.
Do not smoke for1/2 hour after donation.
Continue with daily routine work but avoid strenuous
exercise e.g. Weight lifting for 24 hours.
Do not drive for at least half an hour.
Volume lost due to blood donation is replenished by 48
hours. Can safely donate again after three months.
Report to blood bank in case of any adverse reaction.

Document adverse reaction if any on the donor card

and donor register.
 Donor Satisfaction

Congenial atmosphere Counseling

Courteous and trained Constant feed back
staff Continuous efforts
Care and Comfort
Confidentiality