DENTAL ANATOMY I

drg Helmi Fathurrahman Sp Pros 29 Maret 2016

 Learning Objectives

Primary and permanent dentition

Tissues of the tooth
Dental terminology
Anatomy of tooth structure
Anterior teeth morphology
Primary and Permanent Dentition
 Dentition
Maxillary arch

Mandibular arch

Refers to all of the teeth in the maxillae and

the mandible
* maxillary arch - maxillary teeth
* mandibular arch - mandibular teeth
 Humans Have Two Dentitions
Throughout Life

Primary
Permanent

1) Primary Dentition - during childhood

2) Permanent Dentition - during adulthood
 Permanent Dentition
Also called the succedaneous
dentition - that which
succeeds the primary dentition

There are 8 teeth in each

quadrant
I 2 C 1 PM 2 M 3 = 16 teeth
2 1 2 3 each side
 Permanent Dentition

First signs of this dentition appear at age 6

 Permanent Dentition

A A A
P P P P P

Anterior Teeth - incisors and canines

Posterior teeth - premolars and molars
Tissues of the Tooth
Tissues Of A Tooth

1) Dentin
2) Enamel
3) Cementum
4) Pulp
 Enamel

Makes up the protective outer

surface of the anatomic crown
Mostly inorganic and calcified
hard, white shiny surface of the
anatomic crown
 Dentin

Found in the crown and root, making up

bulk of tooth
Found beneath the enamel and cementum
and surrounding the pulp tissue
Not normally visible
Mostly inorganic and calcified
 Cementum

Makes up the surface of the anatomic root

Very thin next to cervical line
Mostly inorganic calcified
Dull yellow in color
 Pulp
Is non calcified found within the
pulp chamber
Develops from the dental papilla
(from mesoderm)
Surrounded by dentin except at the
apical foramen
 Pulp
Normally not visible except on
dental radiographs
In the coronal portion termed
the pulp chamber
In the root portion termed the
pulp canal(s)
 Pulp - Functions
Formative - dentin producing cells
(odontoblasts) produce dentin thoughout the
life of a tooth

Sensory - nerve endings permit the sense of

pain
 Pulp - Functions
Nutritive - nutrient transport from the blood
stream to extensions of the pulp that reach
into dentin

Defensive/Protective - responds to injury

and decay by forming reparative dentin
 Junctions Of Tooth Structure

Cementoenamel Junction - also

called the cervical line,
separates the anatomic crown
from the anatomic root.
 Junctions Of Tooth Structure

Dentinoenamel Junction - is the inner surface

of the enamel cap visible in cross section or
in badly worn teeth
Junctions Of Tooth Structure
Cementodentinal Junction - a.k.a.
dentinocemental junction is the inner
surface of cementum lining the root visible
in cross section or badly worn teeth
 Anatomic Versus
Clinical Crown

Anatomic Crown - that part of the tooth

covered in enamel
Clinical Crown - that part of the tooth that is
visible in the oral cavity
Dental Terminology
Terminology Used To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Facial Surface - the surface next

to the face, the outer surface
of a tooth resting next to the
cheeks or gums. Used in both
anterior and posterior teeth
Terminology Used To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Buccal Surface - the facial

surface of posterior teeth.
Meaning next to the cheek
Terminology Used To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Labial Surface - the

facial surface next to
the lips, generally
used for anterior
teeth
Terminology Used
To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Proximal Surface - the surface or side of a

tooth that is next to an adjacent tooth, not
considered self-cleansing
Terminology Used
To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Mesial Surface - is the surface of the tooth

nearest to the midline of the dental arch
Terminology Used
To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Distal Surface - is the surface of the tooth

farthest from the midline of the dental arch
Terminology Used To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Lingual Surface - is the

surface of maxillary and
mandibular teeth nearest
the tongue
Terminology Used To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Palatal Surface
is the surface of
maxillary teeth
nearest the palate
Terminology Used To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Occlusal Surface - is the

chewing surface of the
posterior teeth found
within cusp and
marginal ridges
Terminology Used To Distinguish
Tooth Surfaces

Incisal Edge - is the cutting

edge, ridge or surface of
anterior teeth
Anatomy of Tooth Structure
Divisions Of The Crown And Root
Of A Tooth
Divisions Cervico-occlusally

Cervical 3rd Cervical 3rd

Middle 3rd Middle 3rd
Incisal 3rd Occlusal 3rd
Anterior Posterior
Divisions Of The Crown
Of A Tooth
Divisions Mesiodistally

Distal 3rd

Middle 3rd

Mesial 3rd
Divsions Of The Crown
Of A Tooth
Divisions Faciolingually

Lingual 3rd

Middle 3rd

Facial 3rd
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Cusp - is a point, or
peak on the chewing
surface of premolar or
molar tooth
 Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown
Cusp Slopes Or Ridges - are the
inclined surfaces that form an
angle at the cusp tip
How Many Cusp Ridges
Does This Tooth Possess?
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Cingulum - is the
enlargement or bulge
on the cervical third of
the lingual surface of
the crown of anterior
teeth
 Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Labial Ridge - is a ridge running cervico-incisally in

approximately the center of the labial surface of the canines
 Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Buccal Ridge - is the ridge running cervico-

occlusally in approximately the center of
the buccal surface of premolars
 Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Cervical Ridge - ridge

running mesiodistally on
the cervical one-third of
the buccal surface of the
crown, found on all
deciduous teeth but only
on the permanent molars
 Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Marginal Ridge - on incisor

and canine located on the
mesial and distal border of
the lingual surface
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Marginal Ridge - on
posterior teeth
located on the
mesial and distal
border of the
occlusal surface
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Triangular Ridge - on the occlusal surface of

posterior teeth, is the ridge from any cusp tip
to center of the occlusal surface - ML cusp of
upper molars have two
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Oblique Ridge - found

only on maxillary
molars made of the
triangular ridges of
the mesiolingual and
distobuccal cusps
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Transverse Ridge - ridge crossing the occlusal

surface of posterior teeth in a B-L direction
and made of connecting triangular ridges
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown
Mamelon - is one of
three tubercules
sometimes present on
the incisal edge of an
incisor tooth that has
not been subject to
wear
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Sulcus - is a broad
depression or valley
on the occlusal
surface of posterior
teeth
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Supplemental Groove -
small irregularly placed
grooves not at the
junction of lobes or
major portions of the
teeth
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Fossa - a depression or hollow found

on the lingual surfaces of some
anterior teeth and on the occlusal
surfaces of posterior teeth
Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Pits - often occur at the depths

of fossa where two or more
grooves join
 Morphology Of An
Anatomic Crown

Furcation - is the place on

multirooted teeth where the
root trunk or base divides Root
Trunk
into separate roots
 Curve Of Spee

Anteroposterior curve of the occlusal plane -

curve of the maxillary arch is convex
 Curve Of Wilson

Gradual curve of posterior teeth from left to

right side viewed from the anterior region -
curve of maxillary teeth is convex