Why virtualization gained

popularity:
Increased performance and
computing capacity
Underutilized hardware and software
resources
Lack of space
Green intiatives
Rise of administrative cost
Characteristics of virtualized environment
Virtualization reference model
 Characterstics=
Increased security
Managed Execution
A)Sharing
B) Aggregation
C)Emulation
D)Isolation
Portability
 Taxonmoy of Virtualized
Environment
How
How itit is
is Virtualization
Virtualization
Technique
Technique
done?
done? Model
Model

Applica
Applica
Emulation
Emulation tion
tion
Executio
Executio
nn Progra
Progra
Envi
Envi Process
Process mming
mming
High-Level
High-Level VM
VM
ron
ron Level
Level Langua
Langua
men
men ge
ge
Storagtt
Storag Operati
Operati
Multiprogram
Multiprogram
Virtualiz
Virtualiz ee ng
ng
ming
ming
ation
ation System
System
Networ
Networ Hardware-
Hardware-
kk assisted
assisted
Virtualization
Virtualization
Full
Full
Virtualizati
Virtualizati
System
System Hardwa
Hardwa
on
on
Level
Level re
re
Paravirtualizati
Paravirtualizati
.
. on
on
Partial
Partial
Virtualizati
Virtualizati
on
on
 Execution virtualization
1)Machine reference model
Applications Applications
Applications

API calls
API
API

Libraries
Libraries Libraries
Libraries

User
System calls
ABI
ABI ISA
User
ISA

Operative Operative
Operative System
System
Operative System
System

ISA
ISA
ISA

Hardware
Hardware Hardware
Hardware
 2 Hardware Level
virtualization
Gues
t In
In memory
memory
representation
representation
Virtual
Stora
Image
ge
VMM Host
Host emulation
emulation

Virtual
Machine
binary
binary translation
translation
instruction
instruction mapping
mapping
interpretation
interpretation

Host
 3)Hardware Virtualization
techniques
Hardware assissted virtualization
Full virtualization
Paravirtualization
Partial virtualization
 4) OS level virtualization
5)Programming level virtualization
6)Application level virtualization
 Virtualization and cloud
VV
MM
VV VV VV VV VV
MM MM MM MM MM

Virtual
Virtual Machine
Machine Manager
Manager

Server
Server AA Server
Server BB
(running)
(running) (running)
(running)
Before
Before Migration
Migration

VV VV VV
MM MM MM
VV VV VV
MM MM MM

Virtual
Virtual Machine
Machine Manager
Manager

Server
Server AA Server
Server BB
(running)
(running) (inactive)
(inactive)
After
After Migration
Migration
Advantage and disadvantage of virtualization

Advantages:
Eliminates the need for numerous dedicated servers;
Portability
Cost effective because many times server software
installation provisioning is available;
If one virtual server has a software failure, the other
servers will not be affected;
Reduces energy costs because only one device is
running instead of several;
Offers a flexibeITinfrastructure;
Can quickly make changes with little downtime.
 Disadvantages
1)Performance degradation
2)Inefficency and degraded user experience
3)Security holes and new threat
a)Blue pill is malware targeting the AMD
processor family and act as thin virtual
machine manager
b)Sub virt infect guest OS and then virtual
machine is rebooted,after it it gains
control of host
 Disadvantages
Resource hogging could occur if there are too many
virtual servers within a physical machine;
As software updates and patches must becompatible
with everything running on the virtual machine,
admins may have reduced control over the physical
environment;
Administration, including backup and recovery,
requires specialized knowledge;
If user experience is impacted, it can be difficult to
identify the root cause;
Services offered by a dedicated server are more
accessible.