Optical Storage Optical storage is a term from engineering referring to the storage of data on an optically readable medium. Data is recorded by making marks in a pattern that can be read back with the aid of light. A common modern technique used by computers involves a tiny beam of laser light precisely focused on a spinning disc. Compact Disk Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM) Digital Versatile Disk Read-Only Memory (DVD- ROM)
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Optical Storage
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How Optical storage Work?
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CD A Compact Disc (also known as a CD) is an optical disc used to store digital data, originally developed for storing digital audio. The CD, available on the market since late 1982, remains the standard playback medium for commercial audio recordings to the present day. Standard CDs have a diameter of 120 mm and can hold up to 80 minutes of audio. There is also the Mini CD, with diameters ranging from 60 to 80 mm; they can store up to 24 minutes of audio.
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Advantages of CD-ROM Data cannot be erased from CD-ROMs. CD-ROMs are small and portable. Very cheap to produce. CD-ROMs have a much larger storage capacity than floppy disks. Will usually work in a DVD drive.
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Disadvantages of CD-ROM Fairly fragile - easy to break or scratch Smaller storage capacity than a hard disk Slower to access than the hard disk
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CD-R These disks are blank but have been designed to be written onto once only. The 'cd-writer' drive uses a laser to burn tiny pits onto the spinning surface of the CD-R media. Once the pit is burnt it cannot be erased.
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CD-RW 'CD Read-Write'. This technology allows the same area of the disk to be over-written many times (about a 1000 times). There are two problems with the CD-RW disks unlike CD-R some drives have a problem reading CD-RW disks that have been burnt by other manufacturers' drives. CD-R disks and now so cheap that it is less hassle to simply use a blank disk!.
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DVD DVD (also known as "Digital Versatile Disc" or "Digital Video Disc") is a popular optical disc storage media format. Its main uses are video and data storage. Most DVDs are of the same dimensions as compact discs (CDs) but store more than six times as much data.
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Advantages of DVD Very large storage capacity Sound and picture quality is excellent which makes them suitable for video and sound Increasing availability Price is dropping for both DVDs and DVD drives. DVD players can read CD-ROMs.
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Disadvantages of DVD Expensive compared to CD-ROMS. DVDs do not work in CD ROM drives.
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Flash Memory Stick Flash is a 'solid state' memory i.e it has no moving parts unlike magnetic storage devices, nor does it make use of lasers - unlike optical drives. It works in a similar way to RAM. The key difference is that data is retained in Flash memory even when the power is switched off. They are now fairly inexpensive.
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Advantages of Flash Memory Stick More compact shape. Operate faster. Hold much more data. Have a more durable design. Operate more reliably due to their lack of moving parts. Now a days computers are sold without floppy disk drives. USB ports appear on almost every current mainstream PC and laptop. USB drives can also operate faster than an optical disc drive, while storing a larger amount of data in a much smaller space.
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Comparisons of Various Secondary Storage Device
300 GB to 1 TB
1 GB to 128 GB
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Comparison of Primary & Secondary Memory
Characteristics Primary Secondary
Location with Directly accessible Indirectly respect to the accessible cpu Cost More expensive Less expensive
Capacity Lower than Several thousand
secondary memory times higher than main memory Means of storing Semiconductor Magnetic and information chips Optical