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Solids
A solid is a form of
matter that has a definite
shape and volume.
States of Matter
Liquid
A liquid is a form of
matter that has an
indefinite shape, flows,
yet has a fixed volume.
States of Matter
Gases
A gas is a form of matter
that takes both the shape
and volume of its
container.
The Three States of Matter
States of Matter
Animation 1
Relate the states of matter to the arrangements
of their particles.
States of Matter
Mixtures
Blend
Is composition of two or more
uniform? Pure Substances
kinds of matter, each of
Yes No Can it be decomposed by
which retains its own Has a fixed composition;
ordinary chemical means?
identity and propertieshas exactly the same
properties
Yes throughout;
Nohas
exactly the same
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
composition
Compounds Elements
Symbols and Formulas
Symbols and Formulas
What do chemists use to represent elements
and compounds?
Symbols and Formulas
Chemists use chemical symbols to represent
elements, and chemical formulas to represent
compounds.
These chemical symbols were used in earlier
centuries.
Symbols and Formulas
Each element is represented by a one or two-letter
chemical symbol.
1. Passing an electric current through a
certain substance produces oxygen and sulfur.
This substance cannot be a(n)
compound.
mixture.
element.
solution.
2. Which of the following is a
mixture?
sodium chloride
carbon dioxide
sucrose
air
3. The symbol for the element
potassium is
K.
Po.
P.
Pt.
Chemical Reactions
Iron is abundant, easy to shape
when heated, and relatively
strong, especially when mixed
with carbon in steel. Over time,
objects made of iron will rust if
they are left exposed to air. You
will learn to recognize chemical
changes and to distinguish them
from physical changes.
Chemical Changes
Chemical Changes
What always happens during a chemical change?
Chemical Changes
Metalloids
Periods