IGNORANCE

FIRE HAZARDS ANALYSIS CHART

PRODUCTION CRIMINAL
CAPABILITY NEGLECT

APATHY

CAUSED BY
ENVIRONMENTAL

PRODUCT
FIRE LOSS
REQUIREMENTS
TYPE OF
FIRE HAZARD OCCUPANCY/
LOADING ECONOMIC
FACTORS
FIRE LOADING/
PROPERTY
OCCUPANT
LOSSES
LOAD

NATURE OF
ACTIVITIES

PRODUCTION
EMMINENT

INCIDENT LOSSES
CAPABILITY

CONSEQUENCE
EFFECT UPON FIRE LOSS PROBABLE

PROPERTY
POSSIBLE
LOSSES
Section 6.0.2.1: REQUIREMENTS
A. ALL BUSINESS
ESTABLISHMENTS
employing at least fifty (50)
persons shall, in addition to
the requirements set forth
under Section 7 of RA 9514
for the grant of Fire Safety
Inspection Certificate (FSIC),
establish an organization of
FIRE BRIGADE to deal
with fire and other related
emergencies.
The HEAD OF THE COMPANY, through its duly
designated SAFETY OFFICER shall evaluate the
potential magnitude of a fire emergency within the
company, and the availability of firefighting assistance
from the BFP to determine the nature of the
organization to be established.
B. For buildings having various occupancies, the
BUILDING ADMINISTRATOR and/or OWNER shall
initiate the organization of a fire brigade in the premises
irrespective of the number of occupants.
C. In cases where a fire brigade is already
established for a building, said fire brigade shall
be sufficient to comply with the requirements of
para A of this Section.

D. All barangays shall likewise endeavor to

organize their own Fire Brigades.
 Section 6.0.2.2: COMPOSITION
The organization of company fire brigades
shall consist of the FIRE BRIGADE CHIEF,
which shall be designated by the head of the
company, and shall be assisted by selected
personnel. In companies where more persons are
available, they must be organized into teams to
function as a fire brigade established according
to its needs. The organization shall be such that a
fire brigade is on duty or on call at all times.
 Section 6.0.2.3: COMPONENTS
The equipment that must be put into service at
a fire or other related emergencies will determine
the number of men required for each operating
unit or company into which the brigade is
organized, and the total number may be
composed of two or more individuals to operate
a specific item of equipment or a larger group to
perform more complicated operations. Each fire
brigade shall have a LEADER or a CHIEF. In
his absence, an Assistant CHIEF shall be
 FIRE BRIGADE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

Fire Brigade Chief

Deputy
Fire Brigade Chief

Coordinator/ Support
Fire Captain Group Leader
Safety Officer

Fire Extinguisher Search and

Electrician Team Rescue Team

Valve/Plumber Hose Handler Salvage & Evacuation

Team Team

Security Bucket Handler Medical/First Aid

Team Team
 Section 6.0.2.4: DUTIES AND
RESPONSIBILITIES OF A FIRE
BRIGADE CHIEF

A. He/she shall be responsible for the development of fire

prevention programs and plans of action for the company
or organization to address possible fire situation in the
plant or community, subject to the approval of the
company or establishment head or fire prevention officer;

B. He/she shall initiate the procurement of necessary

firefighting equipment and supplies for use of the
brigades;
C. He/she shall conduct periodic evaluation of all
equipment available for firefighting and be
responsible for setting in motion necessary
procedures for replacing missing equipment or
correction of inoperative equipment.;

D. He/she shall also bring to the immediate attention of

the company or establishment head, or his fire
prevention officer, any situation that would likely
reduce the effectiveness of firefighting operations;
E. He/she shall ensure that the brigades are suitably
staffed, conduct periodic review of the fire brigade
roster and prepare recommendations on the need for
additional members to be selected, appointed and
made available to beef up the team;
DEPUTY FIRE BRIGADE CHIEF
Shall act as the Fire Brigade Chief when the latter is
not available.
Shall assist the Fire Brigade Chief in the discharge of
other duties and responsibilities.
Shall ensure the actual fire fighting and services
operations at the affected area.
Shall assume the responsibilities of a Fire Captain in
the absence of the latter.
Shall do other related work activities which maybe
delegated by the Fire Brigade Chief particularly on
the implementation of the companys Fire Prevention
Program.
FIRE CAPTAIN

Shall ensure that Fire Prevention Program is being

implemented, followed and observed by his members.
Shall be responsible for the complete attendance of
all members of his group and shall advise the
coordinator for immediate replacement in case of
transfer resignation or dismissal.
Shall see to it that all members will participate in the
conduct of scheduled trainings/seminars.
Shall closely coordinate with Fire Brigade Chief
particularly when in need of assistance.
Shall be responsible for the training of his men on the
services operations.
 Shall direct the actual supervision of fire fighting and
services activities within his area.
Shall ensure that all members of his group are aware of the
emergency and are properly positioned according to their
assigned tasks.
Shall ensure that his area is clear of every one except those
actually engaged or involved in the fire fighting and
evacuation operation.
Shall be prepared to summon or to be summoned for
assistance needed by other Fire Captains as directed by the
Fire Brigade Chief.
Shall ensure that immediate help is available and the Fire
Brigade Chief is informed of the fire and its present
progress.
 Shall be responsible for the after-fire housekeeping
activities in case if fire extinguishers and hoses are not
returned to their proper places.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER TEAM

Shall be the first group to attack the fire using the
available portable fire extinguishers within their area.
Shall summon the assistance of water hose team when
they could not control the fire.
Shall work in close coordination with his group leader.
Shall ensure that all fire extinguishers within the area
are operational at all times.
WATER HOSE TEAM

Shall be in proper protective gears in combating fires.

Shall control fire using the water hose fire fighting
equipment .
Shall unreel the hose towards the fire scene.
Shall proceed with haste to the fire hose cabinet.
Shall work in close coordination with his group
leader.
Shall ensure that all equipment are in operational
condition at all times and the supply of water is
abundant. Shall ensure that all hose connections are
tight.
COORDINATOR/SAFETY OFFICER

Shall set up the organization and proper selection of brigade

members in coordination with the Fire Brigade
Chief/Deputy Fire Brigade Chief.
Shall prepare plans for training schedules of all members.
Shall monitor and conduct the general observations during
fire drills.
Shall monitor daily attendance of all members.
Shall see to it that all fire fighting facilities and gears as
well as fire alarm and detection system are operational in
perfect condition.
Shall see to it that repairs are being attended and monitored
properly and are reported to the Fire Brigade Chief/Deputy
Fire Brigade Chief and the safety department.
SECURITY

Assist the command post chief in the organization,

and training of members in the team.
Supervise the traffic team in clearing the involved
area for the easy access of arriving fire department
apparatus.
ELECTRICIAN
Shall be ready to shut off electricity only when
ordered by the Fire Brigade Chief.
Shall received other related orders from the Fire
Brigade Chief.

VALVE/PLUMBER
Shall immediately switch on the Fire Pump for the
supply of water.
Shall connect the female end of the fire hose to the
fire hydrant.
Shall received other related orders from the Fire
Captain.
 SUPPORT GROUP LEADER
Shall direct his men in the actual fire fighting
operations.
Shall ensure that dry Chemical Fire Extinguisher team
are properly supported by the Fire Hose Team in cases of
uncontrolled fire.
Shall work closely with the Fire Captain particularly in
the assessment of fire situation
Shall immediately summon for help through the Fire
Captain.
Shall ensure that all protective gears, fire fighting
equipment in his area are in good working conditions as
well as enough supply of water.
Shall be prepared for any assistance needed.
 Shall received instruction and orders directly
from the Fire Captains.
Shall supervise his men in the proper
evacuation, salvage search and rescue
operations as directed by the Fire Captain.
Shall ensure a safe and smooth flow of
evacuation operation.
RESCUE TEAM

Shall conduct search and rescue operations

Shall ensure that all places within their area had been
checked for persons who might be left behind.
Shall coordinate with medical services for the
conduct of first aid services to rescued persons.
Shall conduct the searching of all premises for
possible persons who might be inside.
Shall perform rescue operations and conduct first aid
if necessary.
MEDICAL/FIRST AID TEAM

Shall be the overall in-charge of all

medical assistance

Shall received other related orders

from the Fire Marshal.
SALVAGE AND EVACUATION TEAM

Shall conduct salvage and evacuation operations.

Salvage procedures shall be on priority basis only.
Shall supervise in the smooth and safe evacuation of
all persons to the designated evacuation assembly
area.
Shall coordinate with his Group Leader/Fire Captain
prior to the actual salvage and evacuation activities.
Shall conduct the actual evacuation of persons and
salvaging of company properties on priority basis.
Shall receive orders only from their Leaders or Group
Leaders before proceeding with the assigned jobs.
 Section 6.0.2.5: QUALIFICATION
FOR MEMBERSHIP
Members of the fire brigade shall consist of
persons who have met qualifications appropriate
for the fire brigade work. For establishments,
members must be taken from the roster of its
own workforce. The head of the company shall
identify the persons who are fit to perform fire
operation activities and further assign them to
specific fire suppression positions.
Section 6.0.2.6: AVAILABILITY OF
PERSONNEL
To qualify as a member of a fire brigade,
individuals must be available to respond to fire
alarms and attend required training
programs. A pre-arranged schedule for
availability must be established to prevent
conflict of duties and to cover absences such as
regular off-duty periods, vacations and sickness.
Section 6.0.4.1: PRACTICE DRILLS

Practice drills shall be held to check the ability

of members to perform the operations they are
expected to carry out. Drills shall be
occasionally held under adverse weather
conditions to work on special procedures needed
under such circumstances.
 Section 6.0.3.4: ASSISTANCE IN
TRAINING PROGRAMS
The BFP shall assist in setting up a training
programs for the fire brigade and fire volunteer
organization. Members of the brigade and fire
brigade organization shall be afforded
opportunities to improve their knowledge on
fire prevention and suppression through
attendance in seminars and special training
classes.
 Evacuation Policy and Plans
POLICY
and
PLAN
Evacuation Policy and Plans

Evacuatio
n routes
 Evacuation Policy and Plans
BUILDING FIRE EXITS

Each area of the building shall have at least two

means of escape remote from each other that are to be
used in a fire emergency. The location of exits and the
path of egress should be shown on maps posted
through out the building.
Fire exit doors must not be blocked or locked to
prevent emergency use when employees are within
the building.
Exit routes from the building must be free and clear
from obstructions. All exits are marked with signs
designating exits from the building.
EMERGENCY EVACUATION

If any employee discovers a fire smoke, the employee should

immediately pull the nearest fire alarm box.
If there is time to do so, the employee will also call the front
office receptionist to report the fire.
If the fire does not involve the office, the receptionist will call
117 and report the fire to the nearest fire department. The
receptionist will then make an announcement over the public
address system that there is a fire, give the location of the fire
and instruct all employees to evacuate the building.
When the fire alarm sounds or a fire is otherwise announced,
all employees (except those designated and trained to use fire
extinguishers) are expected to immediately exit the building
by proceeding to the nearest exit in an orderly fashion.
 If the nearest fire exit is blocked by fire or smoke, the
employees should proceed to an alternate exit. There should be
no running, shouting, pushing, etc. A calm orderly evacuation
is the safest for all concerned.
Upon exiting the building, all employees are to proceed to the
designated meeting area(s) so that they are away from the
building, are not hampering access by fire fighters, and can be
counted and accounted for. The designated meeting area(s) for
our building is where employees are to meet outside the
building. Supervisors and managers will account for all of
their employees to ensure that no one is still in the building
and unaccounted for.
Where needed, special procedures for helping physically
impaired employees will be established. This will be done on a
case to case basis when the employee is first hired or when the
physical impairment occurs.
EVACUATION

The evacuation of communities, groups or

individuals is a frequent requirement during response
operations. Evacuation is usually:

Precautionary (in most cases undertaken on warning

indicators, prior to impact, in order to protect
disaster-threatened persons from the full effects of the
disaster) or
Post-impact (in order to move persons from a
disaster-stricken area into safer, better surroundings
and conditions).
3 PRIORITIES IN EVACUATION
1. Handicapped persons/elderly persons/children/
pregnant women.
2. Female
3. Male

REQUIREMENTS IN EVACUATION
Alarm system
Signage
Emergency lights installed at corridors, alleys,
stairs, and other evacuation routes
Evacuation area
EVACUATION TEAM

Plan movement routes and establishes movement

procedures to give effect to the provision of the plan.

Assigns block or purok leaders in the Barangay

and/or in the case of buildings, wing leaders or floor
leaders.

Supervises and directs movement of residents during

evacuation activities.
HOW TO USE AN EMERGENY ACTION PLAN

A written, up-to-date emergency action plan for your

dorm/workplace is essential in case of emergency. Make
sure you read and understand your departments/dorms
emergency action plan.
The plan should contain information about evacuation
from the facility, including who is in charge of the
evacuation.
Primary and secondary escape routes should be outlined
for every area of the building. Since the stairway is the
primary escape route in multiple story buildings
(elevators should never be used in fire emergencies),
they should not be used for any kind of storage.
 Emergency action leaders should be assigned specific
duties, such as verifying that all students/faculty/staffs
have evacuated.
Pre-fire planning must clearly shows the locations of
the workstations of the disabled workers.
Disabled workers and those with known medical
problems such as heart disease or epilepsy, should be
assigned an emergency action leader to guide them to
safety.
All workers who might need assistance during a fire
should be identified during planning.
Fire drills should be scheduled to test the emergency
action plan. Let the drill be used to find problems
before a fire happens, then make the necessary changes.
 All university housing has prepared emergency action
plans. These are generally posted on the inside of the
individual dorm/guest room doors.
If your department does not have an emergency action
plan, contact your department head and get one! If your
department needs assistance in creating action plan,
contact the Makati Central Fire Station for assistance.
HOW TO EVACUATE A BURNING BUILDING

The last one out of the room should not lock the door,
just close it. Locking the door hinders the fire
departments search and rescue efforts.
Proceed to the exit as outlined in the emergency action
plan.
NEVER, NEVER use elevators in any circumstances.
Stay low to avoid smoke and toxic gases. The best air is
close the floor, so crawl if necessary.
If possible, cover your mouth and nose with a damp
cloth to help you breathe.
 If you work in a building with multiple stories, a
stairway will be your primary escape route. Most
enclosed stairwells in buildings over two stories are
rated enclosures and will provide you a safe means of
exit; dont panic descend stairs slowly and carefully.
Once in the stairwell, proceed down to the first floor.
Never go up.
Once outside the building, report to the predetermined
area so that a head count can be taken.
WHAT TO DO IF TRAPPED IN A BURNING
BUILDING
If youre trying to escape a fire, never opened a closed

door without feeling it first. Use the back of your hand

to prevent burning your palm. If door is hot, try another
exit. If none exists, seal the cracks around the doors and
vents with anything available.
In a dorm room, use wet towels to seal the space under

the door and prevent the entry of smoke. Cracks around

the door can be sealed with masking tape if necessary.
If trapped, look for a nearby phone and call the fire

department, giving them your exact location.

If breathing is difficult, try to ventilate the room, but

dont wait for the emergency to discover that window

cant be opened.
 If on an upper floor and your window is of a type that
CANNOT be opened, DONT break it out youll be
raining glass down on rescuers and people exiting the
building. If you cant contact the fire department by
phone, wave for attention at the window. Dont panic.
WHAT TO DO IF SOMEONE CATCHES ON FIRE
If you should catch on fire:

STOP where you are

DROP to the floor

ROLL around the floor

This will smother the flames, possibly saving your life.

If a co-worker catches on fire, smother flames by

grabbing a blanket or rug and wrapping them up in it.
That could save them from serious burns or even death.
 Evacuation Policy and Plans
Central control
 Evacuation Policy and Plans
Floor evacuation team
Elevator shaft
Primary stair
Secondary stairs

6th

5th

4th

3rd

2nd
Information to tenants
Evacuation drills
 Evacuation Preparedness Self-
evacuation Checklist
Floor Diagrams:
Are floor plans prominently posted on each

floor?
Is each plan legible?

Does the plan indicate every emergency exit on

the floor?
Is a person looking at the plan, properly

oriented by an X (that is, you are here now)?

Are room number identifications for the floor as well

as compass directions given?

Are directions to stairwells clearly indicated?

Are local and familiar terms used on the diagram to

define directions to emergency exit stairwells?

 Evacuation Preparedness
Self-evacuation Checklist

Exit paths to stairwells:

If color coding of pillars and doors, or stripes and
markings on floors are used, are they properly
explained?
Is additional clarification needed?

Are paths to exits relatively straight and clear of

all obstructions?
Are proper instructions posted at changes of
direction en route to an emergency exit?
Are overpressure systems and venting systems

operative?
Elevators:
Are signs prominently posted at and on

elevators warning of the possible dangers in

use of elevators during fire and emergency
evacuation situations?
Do these signs indicate the direction of

emergency exit stairwells which are

available for use?
Elderly and physically handicapped:
Are there elderly or physically handicapped

persons who will need assistance during a

fire and emergency evacuation of premises?
What provision is made for their removal

during an emergency?
Who will assist? How will the handicapped

be moved?
Emergency exit doors:
Are all emergency exits properly identified?

Are exit door location signs adequately and reliably

illuminated?
Do exit doors open easily and swing in proper

direction (open out)?

Are any exit doors blocked, chained, locked, partially

blocked, obstructed by cabinets, coat racks, umbrella

stands, packages, etc.?
NOTE: Blockage must be prohibited and
removed immediately.
Are all exit doors self-closing?

Are there complete closures of each door?

Are all exit doors kept closed, or are they

occasionally propped open for convenience or

to allow for ventilation?
NOTE: This practice must be prohibited.
Emergency stairwells:
Are stair treads and risers in good condition?

Are stairwells free of mops, pails, brooms, rags,

packages, barrels, or any other obstruction materials?

Are all stairwells equipped with proper handrails?

Does each emergency stairwell go directly to the

grade floor exit level without interruption?

Emergency stairwells (contd):
Does the stairwell terminate at some interim-point in

the building?
If so, are there clear directions at that point which

show the way to completion of exit?

Is there provision for directing occupants to refuge

areas out of and away from the building when they

reach the ground floor?
Are directions provided where evacuees can

congregate for a head count during and after the

evacuation has been complete?
 Is there adequate lighting in the stairwell?
Are any bulbs and/or fixtures broken or missing?
Where?
Describe locations. Are exits properly identified? Are
they illuminated for day, night, and power-loss
situations?
Are any confusing non-exits clearly marked for what
they are?
Are floor numbers displayed prominently on both
sides of exit doors?
Emergency lighting:
In the event of an electrical power failure or
interruption of service in the building, is
automatic or manually operated emergency
lighting available?
If not, what will be used?

Where are stand-by lights kept?

Who controls them?

How would they be made available during an

emergency?
Emergency lighting:
Is there an emergency generator in the
building?
Is it operable?
Is it secured against sabotage?
Is a fail-safe type of emergency lighting
system available for the exit stairwells that
will function automatically in event of total
power failure?