15EE305 -DC Machines and

Transformers

Unit 1
BASIC CONCEPTS IN ROTATING
MACHINES

Energy Balance and Energy Flow in

Electromechanical Energy Conversion Deice
Evocation
Evocation
 General Objective:

To understand the concept of energy balance

and the energy flow in dc machines.
 Specific Objectives
Students will be able to,

1. Define energy balance. (R)

2. Differentiate DC motor and DC generator (E)
3. Enumerate the energy flow in a DC generator.(E)
4. Illustrate the types of excited systems. (S, E)
 Electromechanical Energy
conversion
It involves the transfer of energy between
electrical and mechanical systems, via magnetic
field.
Three types of devices,
Devices which produce vibrating motions
Various transducers such as microphones
loudspeakers and thermocouples, etc.
Handles low energy signals.
 Device which produces mechanical force based on translatory
motion
such as relays, actuators
handles large energy signals
Device used for continuous energy conversion using
rotational motion etc.
Such as generators, motors etc.
Handles very large signals.
 Energy Balance
Principle of Conservation of Energy

The energy can neither be created nor be destroyed

but it can be transformed from one form to another.

Entire energy cannot be transferred

The loss in this process is called Energy Loss.

Some part of energy gets stored in the magnetic field

called Energy stored.

There exist a perfect energy balance in this process

 Input energy has three parts
Transformed energy, energy loss and stored
energy.
Energy loss is converted into heat energy
Energy balance eq is
 Transformed energy Always Positive
Change in energy stored may be positive or
negative.
Energy balance eq. can also be expressed as
 Energy flow in electromechanical energy
conversion device
An electromechanical system consists of an electric system, a
mechanical system, and a means whereby the electric and
mechanical systems can interact.
Coupled through a coupling field magnetic field.
Mechanical losses - Friction and windage losses
Electrical losses - Copper loss and Core or iron loss.
Energy Flow diagram
 Types of Magnetic system
Singly excited systems
Multiple excited systems
Single excited:
Single exciting coil is used to produce the magnetic
field
Ex. Electromagnetic relay, reluctance motor, solenoid
coil
Multiple excited systems
Includes doubly excited two coils
Ex.synchronous motors, alternators, dc shunt
machines, etc
 Singly Excited Systems

Multiple Excited
Systems
Electromagneti
c relay
Electromagnetic relay
 Formative Assessment
1. An electro-mechanical energy conversion device is one
which converts _______
a) Electrical energy to mechanical energy only
b) Mechanical energy to electrical energy only
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
2. What is the coupling field used between the electrical
and mechanical systems in an energy conversion devices?
a) Magnetic field
b) Electric field
c) Magnetic field or Electric field
d) None of the mentioned
 The energy storing capacity of magnetic field is
about ________ times greater than that of
electric field?
a) 50,000
b) 25,000
c) 10,000
d) 40,000
 Stimulating Questions
Is it possible to operate a same machine as a
motor and generator?
What is the name of emf induced in dc generator?
Thank you