HASS Year 9

First World War

 The End of the War - 1918
Jan- July
Germany winning in many spots
along the fronts
August - Sept
Allies start to win ground, Turkish
forces collapse
Oct - Germany asks for a truce
Nov
Turkey & Austria make peace
Germanys leader steps down

November 11th, 1918 at 11am, the

guns stopped
 WHAT HAPPENS NOW?

Troops pulled out, return home (only some, whos

left behind?)
Celebrations for returning soldiers in all Allied
countries (do you think there were celebrations on the
Central Powers side?)
11 November made known as Remembrance Day
We still commemorate 11/11, services across Aus and
Eu.
Losers have to pay for the damage and destruction
created = Cripple Germany !!!
Majority of the Allied Powers blamed Germany for the
whole war.
Who were the men in Allied Power?

1 - Georges Clemenceau- France

had suffered enormous damage
The French population put pressure on him to make the
Germans pay.
SO we implement harsh terms in the
peace treaty, no future threat of invasion.
2 - David Lloyd George- Britain

Agree with France

But scared if the terms were too harsh, the Germans may
seek revenge.
Still wanted to trade with the Germany = fence sitter
3 - Woodrow Wilson- USA
did not want to be too harsh on the Germans as
he feared the Germans may seek revenge.
His proposed two main points: self-determination
and international cooperation.
PEACE TREATY = THE TREATY OF
VERSAILLES
TheTreaty was signed in 1919 at Versailles
just outside of Paris France.
It was signed in the Hall of Mirrors.
 STRICT RULES
Thesize of the German Army and Navy was greatly reduced and the
Air force was completely disbanded. Only 6 Battleships allowed/no
submarines or aircraft.
Anschluss- Not allowed to unite with Austria.
NoGerman forces were allowed within 50 miles of the Rhine River. Allied
troops were to occupy all the land west of the Rhine.
Germany was forced to admit that they were to blame for the
War.
Germany did not know this was included in the Treaty until the day of
signing it.
TheAllies said that because it was all their fault the Germans had to pay
for all the damage they caused = REPARATIONS.
This
worked out at 6.6 billion. (when do you think it was fully paid?) (US$
442 billion)
 What do you think this picture is showing us?

Is there anything you would like to know about the image?

 What is the message
What can we
of the source? (What
infer from the is the cartoonist
source? trying to say?)

What does this What is the

source suggest purpose of the
about Germanys source?
reactions to the
ToV? This cartoon appeared in the German
satirical magazine Simplissimus, 3
June 1919.
 Question Thinking Time!
Do you think the Treaty of Versailles was too harsh?
Should Germany have been punished in this way?
Had they really been totally to blame for the war?
Can you think of a better plan?
Which of the terms of the treaty do you think the
Germans would have disliked the most? Justify your
opinion
Place yourself in the shoes of a German civilian
Down to you....Start this now and complete for
homework

Place yourself in the shoes of a

civilian living in Germany in 1919,
write a letter to the one of
The Big Three telling them how
you think the Treaty of Versailles
will affect Germany.
LO: To be able to list and explain reasons why The Big Three held the
attitudes they did towards Germany after the First World War.

Using your sheet draw a table which shows how

each leader hoped to deal with Germany after the
First World War.
Country Britain France USA

Leader

What they
wanted

Why?

Do you
agree?