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HIGHWAYS IN THE PHILIPPINES

MODULE 1 AND ROAD CLASSIFICATION

HIGHWAYS IN THE
PHILIPPINES

In the early 1900, transportation in this country


depended largely on
TRAIL
WATER
RAILROAD
EARTH ROAD
PARTIALLY
GRAVELLED
ROAD
Highway in the Philippines was practically non-
existence and is nothing more than a dream to most
Filipino.
The American government in the Philippines initiated
most of the era were mostly trails and earth roads. It was
the Americans who initiated the construction of the then
very popular MACADAM ROADS to connect towns and
provinces in the country.
What is the importance of roads?

Roads provide access to the outside world or the store around the corner.
Roads take farm produce to market and children to school.
Roads are the conduit of life's activities.
Roads make a crucial contribution to economic development and growth
and bring important social benefits.

They are of vital importance in order to make a nation grow and


develop. In addition, providing access to employment, social, health and
education services makes a road network crucial in fighting against poverty.
Roads open up more areas and stimulate economic and social
development.
Vehicle and Vehicular Characteristics

Static Characteristics
DIMENSIONS, WEIGHT AND MAX. TURNING ANGLE

Dynamic Characteristics
SPEED, ACCELERATION, BRAKING & DESIGN ASPECTS
Static Characteristics

1. VEHICLE DIMENSIONS
a) width - Affects width of traffic lanes, shoulders & parking facilities.

b) height - Affects the clearance of overhead structures.

c) length - Important factor in design of Horizontal alignment


2. WEIGHT
Limiting gradients are governed by weight & power
of vehicles.

3. POWER
Power affects the speed and acceleration of
vehicle.

3. TURNING ANGLES
Affects design of sharp curves.
Dynamic Characteristics

Design speed controls most of the


1. SPEED geometric features of the highway.
Sight distances
Superelevation
Length of transition curve
Vertical curves
Width of pavement and shoulders
Design gradient
Capacity of traffic
Design intersection
Governed by vehicle transmission
2. ACCELERATION system, weight and horse power.
Maximum deceleration rate depends upon friction
between tires and pavement.

2. BRAKING Important for safety.


Affects Safety of vehicle operation ,stopping distance
and the spacing between two consecutive vehicles in
a traffic steam
Interaction between tyre & road surface governs
braking performance.
One of the prime causes of accidents during braking is
the wheels getting locked and driver losing control of
the vehicle.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF ROAD

1. The Interstate System


is the highest classification of roadways in the United
States. These arterial roads provide the highest level of
mobility and the highest speeds over the longest
uninterrupted distance. Interstates nationwide usually have
posted speeds between 55 and 75 mi/h.
2. Arterials
include freeways, multilane highways, and other important
roadways that supplement the Interstate System. They
connect, as directly as practicable, the Nations principal
urbanized areas, cities, and industrial centers. Land access
is limited. Posted speed limits on arterials usually range
between 50 and 70 mi/h.
3. Collectors

are major and minor roads that connect local roads and
streets with arterials. Collectors provide less mobility than
arterials at lower speeds and for shorter distances. They
balance mobility with land access. The posted speed limit
on collectors is usually between 35 and 55 mi/h.
3. Local
roads provide limited mobility and are the primary access to
residential areas, businesses, farms, and other local areas.
Local roads, with posted speed limits usually between 20
and 45 mi/h.
ROAD CLASSIFICATION

A number of laws have been passed regarding the classification of roads in


the country. The first comprehensive reference to a Road Classification System
is found in Republic Act No. 917, known as the Philippine Highway Act,
enacted in 1953 and Executive Order (EO) No. 113, Series of 1955. EO No. 113
also laid down criteria for classification of national roads and for reclassification
from Local Roads to National Roads. This classified the roads into National
Primary and National Secondary classes as well as delineating the so-called
"national aid" provincial and city roads of sufficient importance.
The classes of roads included National Roads, Provincial Roads,
Municipal and City Roads, Barangay Roads, and Expressways. The
table provides the criteria for each of these classes of road.

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