Psychology in the Philippines

Psychology branched out from philosophy in Europe and in America,

a similar experience prevailed in Philippines by 17TH century

In the 1900s, the university of the Philippines offered psychology as

part of philosophy department .

In 1922, Dr. Agustin S. Alonzo finished his master of arts in

psychology at UP. His thesis was entitled The Psychology of
Feeling

In 1932,Dr.Simforoso Padilla. He established the experimental

laboratory and a psychological clinic at UP
 In 1938, Fr. Angel de Blas, founded the Department of Experimental
psychology at the UST. He contributed to abnormal and Experimental
psychology by publishing several works; Experimental psychology in
two volume; Manual of Experimental psychology, Human Personality
and Nature of affectivity and other were published in the UNITAS.

1940s-1960s

In1947,Dr.Jaime Zcquire established the first neuro-psychiatry

department at V. Luna general Hospital
 In 1948,Dr.Estafania Albaba-Lim. The first Filipino clinical psychology
graduate. She established the Psychology Program at he Philippine
Womens University.

In1986, Dr. Marcelo Ordonez established the PUP Psychological

Service Center
Psychology Today

In the World War I (1914-1918) psychologist were deeply involved

in testing intelligence. In World War II (1941-1946) psychology
made major contributions in selecting men for particular task(
recruitment and selection) , in conducting research on leadership
and in training programs. Clinical Psychologist were recognized as
qualified in mental illness.

As previously stated, as psychology continued to mature, difference

between schools and viewpoints became less important
Fields of Specialization in Psychology

The major fields and subfields of specialization In psychology

indicate their broad range of interests. This due to the fact that
psychology is both a basic and applied science.

Concerning specialization in US, there are thirty-nine divisions of

psychology as categorized by the America Psychology Association
in 1981.
Clinical and Counseling Psychology

Clinical psychologists diagnose and treat emotional and behavioral

disorders the range from mild to very severe.

Counseling Psychologists usually help those with milder problems of

social and emotional adjustment. They are concerned with
administration and interpretation of psychological test, interviewing
and observing
Educational and school Psychology

Educational Psychologists are concerned with all psychological

aspects of the learning process, factors affecting students
performance in the classroom, IQ personality, rewards and
punishment, teachers expectation and student-teacher interaction.

School Psychology is strictly an applied field. They are involved in

training teachers to deal better with difficult students, in counseling
such students and parents , in administering standardized test and
interpreting the results and assessing students learning difficulties
Industrial and organizational Psychology

Industrial Psychologists focus on making the workplace more

fulfilling and more productive for both workers and their employers.
These personnel specialists develop procedures for matching the
job to the workers.

Personnel psychology is concerned with hiring, assigning and

promoting employees.
Experimental and Physiological Psychology

Experimental psychologists study basic psychological processes as

sensation, perception, learning , memory cognition, motivation and
emotion. They work mostly in a laboratory and use controlled
experimental.

Physiological psychologists study the underlying biological bases of

behavior. They study the nervous system and endocrine system.
Psychometrics

Psychometrists or Psychometricians design psychological tests by

identifying the characteristics they want to measure ,developing test
item and constructing test considered to be valid, reliable and
standardized. They use statistical methods to interpret the scores in
the test.

Social Psychology

Social psychologists study the way we affect and are influenced by

other people, both in groups and intimate relationships.
Personality Development

Personality psychologists explore individual differences in behavior.

They measure and describe personality through interviews and
designed tests. They formulate theories about personality
development.

Developmental psychology

Developmental psychologists study changes over the life span.

Some concentrate on particular stages of life such as infancy or
senescence.
Engineering Psychology

Engineering psychologists make machines meet human needs.

They design, evaluate and adapt equipment so that man can use
them efficiency and effectively
 Methods used by psychology in studying
behavior
According to Kerlinger (1973), a method is a technique or a tool
used in gathering data. Psychology seek to describe, understand,
predict, control, and study a behavioral event

Experimental Method
In 1897, Wilhelm Wundt first used this method in his laboratory in
germany
The experimental method is usually taken to be the most scientific
of all methods, the 'method of choice'. The main problem with all
the non-experimental methods is lack of control over the situation.
 Independent Variables - are those considered by the experimental
to be the cause that which he/she manipulates that can cause a
change or effect.
Independent Variables - are the outcome or the resultor the effect

Participant Observation
Allows the psychologist to directly observe behavior outside of yhe
laboratories

one type of data collection method typically used in qualitative

research. It is a widely used methodology in many disciplines,
particularly cultural anthropology
Natunalistic Observation

A research method commonly used by psychologists and other

social scientists. This technique involves observing subjects in their
natural environment. This type of research is often utilized in
situations where conducting lab research is unrealistic, cost
prohibitive or would unduly affect the subject's behavior.

Correlational studies

Correlation refers to a relationship between two variables.

Correlations can be strong or weak, as well as positive or negative.
Survey

survey is a data collection used to gather information about

individuals by using questionnaire, inventories, interviews, or
attitude scale.

Case History Method

refers to the use of a descriptive research approach to obtain an in-

depth analysis of a person, group, or phenomenon.
Historical Method and Archival Research

Archival research is a type of primary research which involves seeking out

and extracting evidence from original Archival recrd or historical ducument
Special Research Method used by Psychologists

Method Used in Personality Studies

Researchers use a number of different methods to study personality.

Three of the most commonly used methods are case studies,
correlational designs, and experimental designs. Defining
personality can be a difficult task, but psychologists have developed
their own definition that can help define personality as it relates to
the entire field of psychology.
Method Used in the study of Abnormal Behavior

There is difficulty in studying abnormal behavior. The major

methods are physical examination and laboratory tests. Diagnostic
evaluations often provide important clues to patient's behavior in
psychotherapy.
Methods used in Business and Industry

is the scientific study of human behavior in the workplace and

applies psychological theories and principles to organizations and
individuals in their workplace.
To determine those that involve the needs or motives.The
techniques used are observation, inferences from self-reports and
projective techniques
 Indigenous Research Methods

To fully capture Filipinos' thoughts, feelings nd actions, There has

been a shift fron western research methods to indigenous or filipino
research methods. Some of which are:

1. Pakapa-kapa - also known as grouping method, in which the

researchers looks into cultural, social or psychological data without th
chains of overriding theoritical framework borrowed from observation
outside the focus of investigation.

1. Pagmamasid - refers to a visual method of examining actions of a

person, events,and/or other phenomena in particular place.it may
involve Pag-uusyoso and pakikiramdam
3. Pagdadalaw-dalaw - frequent visits to the community of participants
to establish positive relations between researcher and particiant,
thus,making respondents more at ease sharing thoughts and fellings