Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Chapter objectives :
1. Define the normal range for plasma osmolality
2. Outline the mechanisms by which the kidney can concentrate the
urine (during underhydration) and dilute the urine (during
overhydration).
3. Explain the feedback mechanisms for the control of plasma
osmolality, and the role of vasopressin.
4. Outline the differential diagnosis of polyuria, and explain some
mechanisms involved in conditions associated with impaired
capacity to concentrate the urine.
5. Give a differential diagnosis of hypernatremia.
6. Describe the mechanisms involved in conditions involving impaired
ability to dilute the urine.
7. Give a differential diagnosis of hyponatremia.
1. Define the normal range for plasma osmolality.
ADH release
ADH is low