Computer and Web Skills

Tousif ur Rehman
MS Software Engineering
rehman.szab@gmail.com
 Computer and Web Skills

Objective:
Provide an introduction to the fundamental concepts of
computing and Web skills to use computers for Social or
business perspective.
 Computer and Web Skills

Learning Outcomes:
Major emphasis is on computer uses in business and related
studies.

Course also includes basics of Microsoft Office Applications and

Internet.

In the end, Web Skills

 Computer and Web Skills

Assessment Methods:

Assignment (4) 10
Presentation/Project 10
Class Behavior 05
Class Attendance 05
Midterm 30
Final Paper 40
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100
 Computer and Web Skills

Recommended Book

Discovering Computers 2010 Living in a digital world by

Shelly & Vermaat, Cengage Learning, Pakistan Edition.
Introduction to Computers by Peter Norton (7 th Edition)
Introduction to Computers, P.K. Sinha
What is Computer?
 What is Computer?
The word computer comes from the word compute, which
means, to calculate

Thereby, a computer is an electronic device that can

perform arithmetic operations at high speed

A computer is also called a data processor because it can

store, process, and retrieve data whenever desired
 What is Computer?

Electronic device for storing and processing data, making

calculations, or controlling machinery.
(The Pocket Oxford Dictionary)

An electronic device that processes data, converting it into

information that is useful to people.
(Peter Norton)

A programmable, multiuse machine that accepts data raw

facts and figures and processes, or manipulates, it into
information we can use.
(Williams and Sawyer)
 What is Computer?

Data Processing

Computer data processing is any process that uses a computer

program to enter data and summarize, analyze or
otherwise convert data into usable information
 How Computers Work
Concept # 1

The purpose of computer is to process

data into information

Data Information

The raw facts and figures or Information is processed

in other words raw material data obtained as output of
used as input data processing
(that can be use in decision
making)
 How Computers Work
Concept # 2

Computers consist of hardware and software

Hardware Software

All the machinery and equipment in All the instructions that tell the
a computer system computer how to perform a task

Mechanical devices in the computer Tell the computer what to do

Also called a program
Anything that can be touched
Thousands of programs exist
 How Computers Work
Concept # 2

Parts of the Computer System

Computer systems have four parts

Hardware
Software
Data
User
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

All computers follow same basic operations

1. Input
2. Processing
3. Output
4. Storage
5. Communication
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

1. Input:
Whatever is put into (input) a
computer system.
Input hardware - devices that allow
people to put data into the computer in
a form that the computer can use.
Mouse - an input device that is used to
manipulate objects viewed on the
computer display screen.
Keyboard - an input device that
converts letters, numbers, and other
characters into electrical signals
readable by the processor
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

2. Processing:
Processing - the manipulation
(Operation) a computer does to
transform data into information.

Case or system cabinet - the box

that houses the processor chip
(CPU), the memory chips, and the
motherboard with power supply, as
well as some secondary storage
devices
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

Processor chip - A tiny piece of silicon

that contains millions of mini electronic
circuits.
Is like the brain of the computer
Carries out instructions from the
program
Manipulate the data
Most computers have several
processors
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

Memory chips - Also known as RAM

(Random Access Memory).
Represent primary storage or temporary
storage.
Hold data before processing and
information after processing.
Also stores program instructions
Volatile
More RAM results in a faster system
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

Motherboard - the main circuit

board in the computer.

Everything else attaches to the

motherboard through
connections called ports.

Expansion slots - plugs on

the motherboard for expanding
the PCs capabilities via
additional circuit boards.
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

3. Storage
Primary storage (memory) Secondary storage (storage) -
RAM vs.
Computer circuitry that The area in the computer
where data or information is
temporarily holds data held permanently.
waiting to be processed.

Storage capacity is represented in:

1 byte - 1 character of data.
1 kilobyte - 1,024 characters 1024 byte
1 megabyte - 1,048,576 characters 1024 kb
1 gigabyte - more than 1 billion characters 1024 mb
1 terabyte - more than 1 trillion characters 1024 gb
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

Floppy-disk drive - a storage

device that stores data on
removable 3.5-inch-diameter
Floppy disk
diskettes.

Zip-disk drive - a storage

device that stores data on
floppy-disk cartridges with 70-
170 times the capacity of the Zip disk
standard floppy.
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

Hard-disk drive - a storage

device that stores billions of
characters of data on a non-
removable disk platter Hard-disk drive

CD (Compact Disk) drive or

DVD (Digital Video Disk) drive -
a storage device that uses
laser technology to read data
from optical disks.
How Computers Work
Concept # 3

USB Flash drive

Memory Cards
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

4. Output:
Output hardware - devices which translate info
processed by the computer into a form that
humans can understand.
Sound card - enhances the computers sound-
generating capabilities by allowing sound to be
output through speakers.

Speakers - the devices that play

sounds transmitted as electrical signals Sound card
from the sound card

Speakers
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

Video card - converts the processors output

information into a video signal that can be
sent through a cable to the monitor

Monitor - the display device that

takes the electrical signals from the
video card and forms an image
using points of colored light on the
screen.
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

Printer - an output device that

produces text and graphics on
paper.
 How Computers Work
Concept # 3

5. Communications:

Modem - a device that sends and

receives data over telephone lines to
and from computers
Put all the hardware
together
Put all the hardware
together
What Runs The Machine
Do we need anything
else
 Do we need anything
else

We still need the

Software !
 Software Runs The
Machine

The majority of people who purchase computers, do so,

because of software.

They want to email, or type letters.

Nearly every reason given to purchase a computer is

based on software needs.

Software tells the computer what to do

Two types
System software
Application software
 Software Runs The
Machine

System software:

Helps the computer perform

essential operating tasks and
enables the application software
to run
 Software Runs The
Machine

Application software:

Enables you to perform specific

tasks. e.g:

Word Processing
Photo Editing
Creating web pages
Computer Games
End of Lecture 1