PROGRAM COMENIUS

PROJEKT Sugar beat

The production of sugar

 Production technology of sugar from sugar beets
consists of several procedures in a sugar factory :

Washing of sugar beets

Cutting them
Extraction of sugar from cut beets
Cleaning diffusive juice by defecation , saturation
Cleaning and filtration
Thickening juice by evaporating water
Crystallization of the sugar, washing and spinning
crystals of sugar
Drying of crystals of sugar
Ready product
 Washing of sugar beets
Sugar beets are the raw material from which we produce
sugar in Poland. They are picked from fields in the period
when they have the biggest amount of sugar. The dug
out sugar beets contain a lot of pollution, such as,
leaves, stones and remains of sand, which have to be
removed.
 Cutting them

Sugar beets are tapped by water and cut in

narrow stripes. It increases the surface
and facilitates extracting of the sugar.
 Extraction of sugar from cut beets

The extraction takes place in extractors, where cut sugar beets are
in hot water. The extractor is a big container in which cut beets
move towards the opposite direction of the water movement.
There is higher concentration of sugar and as a result one can
obtain a solution which is called raw juice.
Usually, the juice after the process of diffusion contains on
average 14 % of sugar.
 Cleaning diffusive juice by
defecation , saturation
The next stage of
processing raw juice is
the removal of solid
pollution which cloud
the solution. One of the
two commonly used
techniques at this stage
is defecation and
saturation. Defecation is
adding lime milk to
taste. Lime alkalizes the
juice and precipitates
pollution, for example,
insoluble sediment.
 Cleaning and filtration

This sediment is separated, with the help of

filters, from the yellow juice.
 Thickening juice by evaporating
water
The juice makes its way towards a special place where the
evaporation of water till the moment the shapes are
created takes place .This place can hold 60 tons of
solution. Additinally, small crystals are added to the
condensed syrup in order to start crystallization.
 Crystallization of the sugar, washing
and spinning crystals of sugar
The mixture of syrup and crystals of the sugar is spinned in
centrifugal machines in order to separate crystals.
Centrifugal machines are big metal drums with small
holes in the side walls. In time of fast revolutions of
centrifugal machines, the syrup flows away by the holes
outside and the crystals precipitate on the walls of the
drum.
 Drying of crystals of sugar

Before paching, spinned crystals

are dried by hot air
 Ready product

After drying, cristalline sugar is a ready

product.