TRENCHLESS

TECHNOLOGY

Presented By:
Abhinav Saketh A
15CE01002
CONTENTS
WHAT IS TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY?
HISTORY.
NEED FOR TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY.
PRE-REQUISITES
INTRODUCTION.
TECHNIQUES OF TRENCIILESS TECHNOLOGY
IN INDIA
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
WHAT IS TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY?

Trench less technology is the science of

installing, repairing and renewing
underground pipes, ducts and cables using
techniques which minimize or eliminate the
need for excavation.

Trench less technology is basically making a

tunnel below the surface and staling service
lines like water or gas pipes,electricor
telecommunication cables etc, with out any
disruption to the public.
 HISTORY

Trenchless technology has been around for

many decades. Horizontal Directional
Drilling (HDD) started to gain popularity in
late 80`s.
In U.K., where many of the cities had been
built during the time of theIndustrial
Revolution, trenchless technologies were
used to replace and fix aging sewers, water
pipes and cast iron gas mains.
Why TRENCHLESS ?
 Why TRENCHLESS ?

Minimal disturbance to traffic

Year around construction

Improved safety

Reduced landscape damage

Minimal disturbance to local business

Improved construction productivity

Can access otherwise inaccessible areas

 PRE-REQUISITES

Surveys and site investigations are essential to

the success and efficiency of trenchless
installations and repair techniques.
(a) The survey results help to determine the
most appropriate systems.
(b) The investigations methods include
geophysical surveys, boring and sampling,
measurement of ground water table, test pits
and trenches, penetration tests, examinations
and investigations of existing structures.
 INTRODUCTION

TRENCHLESS METHODS

Rehabilitation and
New installation Renovation
 NEW INSTALLATION:

Methods for the installation of a new

pipeline or duct are :
Guided Drilling

Short Drive System

Micro tunneling

Horizontal Directional
Drilling
MICROTUNNELING

Micro tunneling is a term which is used to describe

remotely controlled mechanical tunneling systems
where the spoil is removed from the cutting head
with in the new pipe line which is advanced by pipe
jacking.
The micro tunneling boring machine is remote
controlled, a laser guided system is employed, a
jacking system is used to thrust, and continuous
pressure is provided to the face of the excavation
 HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL
DRILLING (HDD)
11

Used for installing pressure pipes under

major obstacles such as airport runways,
rivers, railway tracks and roads.
REHABILITATION AND RENOVATION

Methods including are:

Pipe bursting
Pipe eating
Relining the existing pipes
Localized repair
PIPE BURSTING

In this method an
existing pipe can be
replaced with a
pipeline of the same or
larger dimension
without opening up
the ground.
It used where the load
on the system is more
than the existing pipe
can handle and
replacement is
required.
 PIPE EATING

Pipe eating is an online micro tunneled

replacement technique.
The existing defective pipeline is crushed and
removed through the new pipeline
 RELINING THE EXISTING PIPES

In this method man hole is required at the both

ends of pipe.

Cured-in- Close-fit Spray

Slip lining
place lining lining lining
 LOCALIZED REPAIR

Coatings
Cement mortar
Reinforced gunite
Resin
Grout
TECHNIQUES OF TRENCHLESS TECHNOLOGY
IN INDIA

DIRECTIONAL DRILLING
RAMMING
MOLING
AUGER BORING
DIRECTIONAL DRILLING

Directional drilling involves steerable

tunnelling systems for both small and
diameter lines. The first stage consists of
drilling a small diameter pilot hole along
the desired centre line of a proposed line
and in the second stage, the pilot hole is
enlarged to the desired diameter to
accommodate the utility line and to pull
the utility line through the enlarged hole
 Advantages

The major advantage is the speed of installation

combined with the minimum environmental and
social impact.
Long and complicated crossings can be
accomplished with a great degree of accuracy.
Another advantage is that sufficient depth can
be accomplished to avoid other utilities.
Limitation of access and reception pits is
another advantage.
 Disadvantages

Special equipment and very high degree of

operation skill is required.
As the cost of the equipment and the
operation are high, bore length should be
sufficient in order for it to be economical.
Mainly steel pipe is being installed by the
method.
RAMMING

In this method, the pipe is rammed through

the soil by using a device attached to the end
of the pipe to drive the pipe through the soil.
In this method, the tool does not create a
borehole. It acts as a hammer to drive the
pipe through the soil. When ramming pipe, the
leading edge cuts a borehole, the spoil enters
the pipe and is compacted as it is being forced
to the rear of the pipe.
RAMMING DEVICE
Advantages

The pipe ramming is an effective method for

installing medium size pipes.
The method is economic since the equipment
cost is not very high and the operation is simple.
The pipe can be installed in one piece or
segments.
This can be used in almost all types of soils.
The method does not require any thrust reaction
structure.
Disadvantages

The major disadvantage is that there is no

control over the line and grade and in case
of obstructions like boulders, the pipe may
be deflected.
Then work should be stopped immediately.
For small diameter pipelines, the method
is economical, but for large diameter
pipes, the equipment cost is high.
MOLING

Moling is a method, which forms the

borehole by compressing the earth that
immediately surrounds the compacting
device which is an underground piercing
(mole) is propelled by a power source.
The tool is streamlined into bullet or
shape. The method is restricted to
relatively small diameter lines in
compressible soil conditions.
MOLING DEVICE
Advantages

It is a rapid, economic, and effective

method of installing small diameter lines.
Any type of utility line can be installed
using the method.
The stability of the soil around the
borehole is increased due to compaction.
The investment in equipment is minimum.
Disadvantages

Compaction methods are limited in their

length by reliability because basic
systems are unintelligent, unguided tools
that tend to bury themselves, surface in
the middle road or damage existing
utility lines.
AUGER BORING

The auger horizontal earth boring is a process

of simultaneously jacking casing through the
earth while removing the spoil inside the casing
by means of a rotating flight auger. The auger is
a flighted tube having dual functions, firstly it
has couplings at each end that transmit torque
to the cutting head from the power source
located in the bore pit and secondly, it serves to
transfer spoil back to the machine.
AUGER BORING DEVICE
Advantages

The major advantage is that the casing is

installed at the same time as the
borehole excavation takes place.
This method can be used in a wide
variety of soil types.
Disadvantages

This method requires different sized

cutting heads and auger sizes or each
casing diameter, which increases the
investment in equipment.
The investment in bore, pit construction,
and the initial setup is also required.
In case of soils containing large boulders,
this method cannot be used
advantageously.
 CONCLUSION

With all round developments in various fields

like petrochemicals where conveyance of gas,
crude and refined products over long distances
is common, telecommunication and power,
water supply and sewerage etc.
Also if costs benefit analysis of the two systems
is conducted, considering both direct and
indirect costs, it will help us make informed
divisions on technology selection, under
different circumstances.
 REFERENCES

1) Jagadish Chandra, Trenchless Technology in

India: Need of the New Millennium. Civil
Engineering and Construction Review October
2000- page 48

2) Maninder Singh, Techniques of Trenchless

Technology In Use In India. Civil Engineering
and Construction Review October 200- page 43

3) Dr.Neeraja Lugani Sethi, Pre- Requisites for

Trenchless Technology. Civil Engineering and
Construction Review October 2000- page 21
QUERIE
S