paramecium

6 Kingdoms of Life
Chapter 15 p.325-329
Back in the 18th century
Linnaeus system
2 kingdoms
Plants and animals

Taxonomists then created

5 kingdom system
Still very
We are using the debatable
6 kingdom system
How are organisms placed into
kingdoms?
Cell type, ability to make food, number
of cells
Prokaryotes Eukaryotes

No nucleus With a nucleus

Whittakers All cells
5 Kingdom system
Eukaryotes Prokaryotes

Uni-cellular
Kingdom
Protista Kingdom
Monera
Multi-cellular All Bacteria
No cell wall
Cell Kingdom
wall Animalia
Heterotrophic
Cellulose No cellulose Kingdom
Autotrophic (PS) Fungi
Kingdom
Plantae
6 Kingdom system All cells

Eukaryotes Prokaryotes
Uni-cellular
Kingdom
Protista

Multi-cellular Kingdom
Monera
No cell wall
Cell wall Kingdom All Bacteria
Animalia

Heterotrophic
Cellulose No cellulose Kingdom
Fungi Archae- Eu-
Autotrophic (PS) bacteria bacteria
Kingdom
Plantae
6 Kingdom system

eukaryotes

prokaryotes
Kingdom Monera
Microscopic, unicellular
Simple prokaryotic organisms
E.coli bacteria
Have a cell wall (Escherichia coli )
Found in humans
Heterotrophic or autotrophic
Reproduce asexually
Binary fission
Lacks nucleus & membrane
bound organelles
Live nearly everywhere
(Eg. E.coli)
Streptococci
Makes yoghurt
Kingdom Monera
Split into two
Archaebacteria
Once thought to be similar to eubacteria
Maybe the first living cells
Live in extremely harsh environments
Oxygen-free environments
Very salty environments
Produce methane gas
Live in hotsprings/volcanoes/artic

Eubacteria
True bacteria
Bacteria that we see around us
-grows FAST!
-may produce toxins
-kill plants by blocking
light
A bloom of cyanobacteria
Lake in New Zealand
Kingdom Protista
(Protist = first cell)
Most uni-cellular eukaryotic organisms
Has nuclear membrane
Heterotrophic or autotrophic or both
Reproduces asexually and sexually
Live in aquatic or moist habitats
Any organism that isnt a plant,
animal or fungus Paramecium

Eg. Simple algae, protozoan

Kingdom Fungi
Most are multi-cellular eukaryotic
organisms
Heterotrophs (ie. grows on wood)
Cell wall without cellulose (thats why its
soft)
Reproduce sexually and asexually
Most are terrestrial
Eg. mushrooms, bread molds, mildew
Kingdom Plantae
All are multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms
Autotrophs (PS)
Reproduce sexually and asexually
Most are terrestrial
Cell wall with cellulose = tough
Eg. seaweed, mosses, ferns, conifers,
flowering plants
Kingdom Animalia
All are multi-cellular eukaryotic organisms
Most reproduce sexually (Some asexually)
Live in terrestrial and aquatic habitats
Eg. Sponges, worms, lobsters, sea stars,
humans
 FYI (For your information)
HUMANS
KINGDOM: Animalia
PHYLUM: Chordata
(SUBPHYLUM: Vertebrata)
(SUPERCLASS: Gnathostomata)
CLASS: Mammalia
ORDER: Primata
SUBORDER: Haplorhini
FAMILY: Hominidae
GENUS: Homo
SPECIES: Homo sapiens
Review
A new organism is discovered in the
tropical rain forest in Brazil. Scientists note
it is made of many cells, has a nucleus, a
cell wall, and cannot make its own
food. Which kingdom does this new
organism belong in?

KINGDOM FUNGI
Thinking Question
Which kingdom would most likely be the
oldest kingdom, meaning the kingdom that
has been around for the longest period of
time on earth?
Give at least one reason why.