Seminar On Project

PROBABILISTIC SURVEY OF SODIUM

HYDROXIDE TREATED SISAL FIBRE
COMPOSITE

Presented By,

Ranjitha . R
(4VZ13CSE18)

Under The Guidance Of,

Keerthi Gowda B.S
Assistant Professor
Department Of Structural Engg.

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 CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3. OBJECTIVES
4. METHODOLOGY
5. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
6. CONCLUSION
7. REFERENCES
2
 INTRODUCTION
Composites are a material system composed of two or more
dissimilar materials which exist in different phases and are insoluble in
each other. Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites with plant
fibers as reinforcements have emerged as a strong, lightweight,
corrosion and chemical resistant material for use in manufacture of
various hardware components in recent days. The present study uses a
natural fiber namely treated Sisal as a reinforcing fiber and polyester
resin polymer (thermo set) as matrix. Cobalt Napthanate and Methyl
Ethyl Ketone peroxide are used as hardener and catalyst respectively to
prepare the matrix. Surface treatment for fiber is given by using 5%
NoaH solution.

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 LITERATURE REVIEW
[1] Isiaka oluwole oladele et al In this research work comparison study of both
chemical treated and untreated sisal fibre for its mechanical properties. By the
process of soil retting the fibre is extracted. The effect of chemical treatment on the
mechanical properties of sisal fibre reinforced polyester composites. Sisal fibre is
extracted by soil retting process, chemical used for the fibre treatment is NaoH ,
KOH, H2O2 and Ethanol. Quantity of the chemical is 2 molar solution and
temperature maintained for 2 hours at 700 C. Testing is carried out both for treated
and untreated fibre conditions. Mechanical testing like tensile and micro hardness is
done in present case. Tensile test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D412
standard and tests were performed on INSTRON 1195 at a fixed cross head speed of
10mm/min. From the current result it is evident that KOH treated sisal fibre having
volume fraction 4g and 6g give good tensile and hardness property.

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[2]Emanuel M . Fernandes et al was conducted the experiment to know
the sisal fibre reinforced hybrid cork polymer composites. In present
study short sisal fibre is used and surface treatment using alkali solution
is provided. Before the processing of composite the fibre is tested for
morphology, density, diameter and tensile property. In this present work
matrix is used as high density polyethylene. The study demonstrate that
the coupling agent that is maleic anhydride usage will increase the
mechanical property. But the usage of sisal fibre in the absence of
coupling agent will make the hybrid composite with the same properties
and lower content of thermoplastic. Finally Reinforcement with sisal
using the polyethylene matrix with CPC gives the stiffness and flexural
strength after the alkali treatment.

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 [3]A . S. Jayabharathy et al studied the behaviour of retrofitted
R.C.C. beam with sisal fibre sheet to strengthen the structural elements is
studied. In this three reinforced concrete beam were considered one is
designed as per IS 456:2000(control(C1)) ,another one is designed as per
IS 13920:1993(C2) and remaining is designed as per IS456:2000 which is
retrofitted with sisal fibre and epoxy resin(C3).the three specimen were
tested in loading frame. The point load is applied at regular interval up to
10kN and the corresponding deflection is recorded. From the obtained
results it is observed that the deflection of the specimen C3 is reduced by
39% that of specimen C1.

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[4]Arun Kumar Guptha et al The present study describe
the surface treated sisal which is reinforced in
polypropylene composite tested for its mechanical,
thermal degradation and flammability factors. In this the
polypropylene is used as a matrix and sisal as fibre
composite is fabricated with surface treatment of fibre.
Mechanical testing is done according to ASTM D 638
using universal testing machine for tensile and izod
impact test is also done to assess the impact test. From
the result it can be say that the fibre volume fraction of
30% will show the optimal mechanical property.
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OBJECTIVES
1.To study the behaviour of treated sisal polyester
composite for different mechanical loading.

2.To study the type of distribution fallowed by

mechanical properties of treated sisal polyester
composite.
3.To estimate the range of mechanical properties
of treated sisal polyester composites.

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MATERIALS
Sisal fibre: is a kind of natural fibre, which
possesses high specific strength and modulus , low
price, easy availability. Density of fibre is 1.4g/cm 3.
Polyester resin: thermosetting polymer and having
a density 1.14g/cm3 .
Hardener: Cobalt Nephthanate
Catalyst: Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide

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 METHODOLOGY

1. Fibre Preparation
2. Matrix Preparation

3. Surface Treatment
4. Preparation Of Frame
5. Weight Fraction Of Fibre
6. Preparation Of Specimen
7. Testing Of Composite Material
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FIBRE PREPARATION
The sisal was extracted by the process of retting
and decorticating. The cured fibres were then
thoroughly washed and combed to free the flesh
thoroughly and dried. The dried fibres were
thinned by ramming to remove the unwanted short
and broken fibres. The fibre length is
approximately 1cm in length. Treatment is given
with 5% NaoH solution.
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MATRIX PREPARATION
It is a mixture of polyester resin, hardener

and catalyst at a ratio of 100:1:1.

PREPARATION OF THE FRAME

It is made up of mild steel of dimension 30x30xt

cm(t=thickness it ranges from 0.3 to 0.6cm)

WEIGHT FRACTION OF FIBRE

The weight of the matrix was calculated by multiplying

density of the matrix and the volume(volume in the mould)

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PREPARATION OF THE SPECIMEN
The Chopped sisal fibers were uniformly distributed into the
frame.
Place the sisal distributed mould into compression testing
machine without disturbing the uniformity of sisal fibers.
The prepared matrix is uniformly poured into the mould.
Compress the mould by hand tightening and maintain the
temperature 60 0 to 820 C for 20 min.
Remove the frame from the hot compression moulding
machine after that carefully separate composite specimen
without any damage.

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TESTING OF SPECIMEN

TENSILE TEST : The tensile test specimens

were made according to ASTM D 3039 is
generally performed on flat specimens. A
uniaxial load is applied through both the ends.
The samples were 230 mm long, 25mm wide
for each thickness.

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FLEXURAL TEST
Flexural test specimens were made according to
ASTM D 7264 to measure the Flexural
properties. In the test specimen grip length is
consider as 20% of span length and span length

is taken as 20 times of thickness.

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PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS
Probabilistic analysis treats all input parameters as variables that change according
to an assigned probability distribution function.

Monte Carlo Simulation

Monte Carlo simulations refer to a stochastic problem-solving process that is

used for solving complex problems. The process is referred to as stochastic
because it is dependent upon the use of random numbers.

Uniform distribution
Normal distribution
Triangular distribution
Beta distribution
Geometric distribution
Log normal distribution

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RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Tensile Strength Of Treated Sisal Fabre Composite

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Flexural Strength Of Treated Sisal Fiber Composite

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 CONCLUSION

In the present study the tensile strength and flexure strength of treated sisal composite
shows its highest value b/w 25-30% fiber volume fraction. Some composite specimen
shows abnormal behavior during its testing, which requires further investigation to
understand its behavior.
Conducted probabilistic analysis to fix the range of tensile and flexural strength of
maximum strengthen specimens resulted as below.
Obtained result shows that all the distribution fallow Normal distribution. 23
 REFERENCES
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of sisal fibre reinforced polyester composites",Issue 24,January-June 2014 p.1-12.
[2] Emanuel M.Fernandes,Joao F.Mano.," Hybrid cork-polymer composites containing sisal
fibre:Morphology,effect of the fibre treatment on the mechanical properties and tensile failure prediction",
Composite Structures 105(2013)153-162.
[3] Dheenadhayal S,"Analysis of hybrid natural fibre reinforced polymer composite material", Volume 1,Issue
2(2013).
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[5] Animesh Agarwal, Mayur Thombre ,"Preparation and characterization of polymer matrix composite using
natural fibre lantana-camara", pp 60-65.
[6] Xun Lu,Ming Qiu Zhang,"The preparation of self-reinforced sisal fibre composites",(2003).
[7] Jayabharathy.A.S, S.Robert Ravi,"Experimental investigation on behavior of R.C.C. beam retrofitted with
sisal fibre sheet",Vol 2,Issue 7,July(2013).
[8] Romildo dias Toledo filho,Joseph,"The use of sisal fibre as reinforcement in cement based composites",Vol
3,p.245-256,1999.
[9] Kuruvilla Joseph,Romildo Dias ,"A review on sisal fibre reinforced polymer composites",v.3,n.3,p.367-
379,1999.
[10] Arun Kumar Gupta, Manoranjan biawal,"Mechanical,thermal degradation,and flammability studies on
surface modified sisal fibre reinforced recycled polypropylene composites",volume 2012.
[11] Chianelli R,P.F Castro,"Mechanical characterization of sisal fiber reinforced recycled HDPE
composite",v3,2013.
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[12] J.B.Zhong,"Mechanical properties of sisal fibre reinforced urea-formaldehyde
resincomposite",vol.no.10(2007)681-687.
[13]Girisha .C,Sanjeevamurthy,"effect of alkali treatment,fibre loading and hybridization on tensile properties of sisal
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THANK YOU

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