MODIFICATIONS IN FIFTH

EDITION OF MORTH
EARTHWORK, EROSION CONTROL
AND DRAINAGE
 Earthwork, Erosion Control and
Drainage
Fly-ash as embankment material
Clay Properties:
Property Old New
Liquid Limit 70 50
Plastic Limit 45 25
Relative compaction >90% 90-95%

Ground improvement techniques with

Using geosynthetic drains
Rammed stone columns
Stone columns formed by vibroflot technique
GRADING FOR GRANULAR SUB-
BASE
 Sub-Base Material (GSB)
Grading for granular sub-base
Percent by weight passing the IS sieve
IS Sieve (mm)
Close Graded Granular Sub-base Material [A] Coarse Graded Granular Sub-base Material [B]
Grading 1 Grading 2 Grading 3 Grading 1 Grading 2 Grading 3
Fourth Edition

75 100 - - 100 - -
53 80-100 100 - - 100 -
26.5 55-90 70-100 100 55-75 50-80 100
9.5 35-65 50-80 65-95 - - -
4.75 25-55 40-65 50-80 10-30 15-35 25-45
2.36 20-40 30-50 40-65 - - -
0.425 10-25 15-25 10-27 - - -
0.075 3-10 3-10 3-10 <10 <10 <10
Min CBR 30 25 20 30 25 20

Percent by weight passing the IS sieve

IS Sieve (mm)
Grading 1 Grading 2 Grading 3 Grading 4 Grading 5 Grading 6
75 100 - - - 100 -
53 80-100 100 100 100 80-100 100
26.5 55-90 70-100 55-75 50-80 55-90 75-100
Fifth Edition

9.5 35-65 50-80 - - 35-65 55-75

4.75 25-55 40-65 10-30 15-35 25-50 30-55
2.36 20-40 30-50 - - 10-20 10-25
0.85 - - - - 2-10 -
0.425 10-15 10-15 - - 0-5 0-8
0.075 <5 <5 <5 <5 - 0-3
Min CBR 30 (unless specified)
Aggregate impact
40
value (Max)
 Cement/ Cement-Flyash Treated Sub-
base/Base
Grading pertaining to sub-base material (as
indicated in Fourth edition) has been removed
Chemical and Physical requirements for Fly-
ash as Pozzolana material.
 Water Bound Macadam
Coarse aggregate gradation of size range 90 to
45 mm removed
Grading B for screening
WBM - Grading For Screenings (Only Type B)
120
Grading Size of
IS Sieve Percent by weight Grading for screenings
Classificatio screenings
(mm) passing the IS sieve 100
n (mm)
11.2 100 80
Edition
Fourth

9.5 - 60
B 11.2
5.6 90-100
40 Fourth Edition
0.18 15-35
11.2 100 20 Fifth Edition
Fifth Edition

9.5 80-100 0
B 11.2 0.1 1 10 100
5.6 50-70

0.18 5-25
 Sub-base and shoulders
Crusher-Run Macadam: Aggregate Grading
Crusher-run macadam IS Sieve
Percent by weight passing

53 mm 37.5 mm
63 100 -

Fourth Edition
45 87-100 100
22.4 50-85 90-100
5.6 25-45 35-55
0.71 10-25 10-30
0.09 2-9 2-9
63 100 -

Fifth Edition
45 87-100 100
22.4 50-85 90-100
5.6 25-45 35-55
0.71 10-25 10-30
0.09 2-5 2-5

Brick/ stone edging measured in Running meter

instead of m2
BASE AND SURFACE COURSES
(BITUMINOUS)
 Binder
Viscosity grade binder and modified binder
Binder Selection criteria
Selection criteria for VG bitumen as per Fifth edition
Lowest Daily Mean air Highest Daily Mean Air Temperature
temperature <20C 20 to 30C >30C
>-10C VG-10 VG-20 VG-30
<-10C VG-10 VG-10 VG-20

Mixing, Spreading and Rolling Temperatures for Bituminous Mixes

Bitumen Penetration Bitumen Aggregate Mixed Material Laying Rolling

Fourth Edition
Grade Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature
35 160-170 160-175 170 Max 130 Min 100 Min
65 150-165 150-170 165 Max 125 Min 90 Min
90 140-160 140-165 155 Max 115 Min 80 Min

Bitumen Viscosity Bitumen Aggregate Mixed Material Laying Rolling

Fifth Edition
Grade Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature Temperature

VG-40 160-170 160-175 160-170 150 Min 100 Min

VG-30 150-165 150-170 150-165 140 Min 90 Min
VG-20 145-165 145-170 145-165 135 Min 85 Min
VG-10 140-160 140-165 140-160 130 Min 80 Min
 Prime And Tack Coat
Primer SS1/MC
Rate of Spray atleast 8-9 mm penetration
Primer quantities
Kinematic viscosity of primer at Quantity of liquid bituminous
Type of Surface
60C (Cs) material per 10Sqm (Kg)
Fourth Edition Low Porosity 30-60 6 to 9
Medium 50-140 9 to 12
High 250-500 12 to 15
Type of Surface Type of Primer Rate of spray (Kg/sq.m.)
SS1 0.7-1.0
WMM/WBM
Fifth Edition MC 30 0.6-0.9
Stabilised soils or crusher run SS1 0.9-1.2
macadam MC 70 0.9-1.2

Tack Coat Binder VG10 (SS1, MC)

Rate of spray on normal bituminous surfaces
Old : 0.2 to 0.25 kg/sq.m
New: 0.2 to 0.3 kg/sq.m
 Mix Design for DBM/BC
Mix requirements for DBM/BC with modified binders in fifth edition
Modified Bitumen
Viscosity Grade
Bitumen Hot climate Cold Climate
Properties

Compaction level 75 blows on each face

9 12 10
Minimum Stability (KN at 60oC)

Marshall Flow (mm) 2-4 2.5-4 3.5-5

Marshall Quotient (stability/flow) 2-5 2.5-5

% air voids 3 to 5

% Voids filled with bitumen 65-75

Coating of aggregate particle 95% Min

Tensile Strength ratio 80% Min

VMA Table is given for Minimum VMA

 Bituminous Concrete
Layer Thickness 30/40/50 mm (25 to 100 mm)
Mix Composition of BC Layer
Fourth Edition Fifth Edition
Grading 1 2 1 2
Nominal Aggregate size 19 mm 13 mm 19 mm 13 mm
Layer Thickness 50-65 mm 30-45 mm 50 mm 30-40 mm
IS Sieve Cumulative percentage passing
26.5 100 100
19 79-100 100 90-100 100
13.2 59-79 79-100 59-79 90-100
9.5 52-72 70-88 52-72 70-88
4.75 35-55 53-71 35-55 53-71
2.36 28-44 42-58 28-44 42-58
1.18 20-34 34-48 20-34 34-48
0.6 15-27 26-38 15-27 26-38
0.3 10-20 18-28 10-20 18-28
0.15 5-13 12-20 5-13 12-20
0.075 2-8 4-10 2-8 4-10
Binder Content in % 5-6 5-7 Min 5.2 Min 5.4

Bitumen content for specific gravity of aggregates 2.7.

Same method of BC calculation for Bituminous macadam with min
values of 3.3 and 3.4%
 Surface Dressing
Recommended nominal Size of aggregates
Rate of application emulsion for uncoated aggregates &
bitumen for coated aggregates
Surface Dressing: Nominal size of aggregates
Traffic intensity in terms of number
Type of
of lanes per day in the lane
surface
1000-2000 200-1000 200-200
Very hard 10 6 6
Hard 13 10 6
Normal 13 10 6
Soft 19 13 13
Very Soft 19 13
Rate of application of Binder and aggregate (excluding with bitumen )
Binder (kg/sqm)
Coated
Nominal size of Uncoated Aggregates Aggregates Aggregates
aggregates (mm) Emulsion Bitumen Cu.m/sqm
0.014-
19 1.8 1
0.015
13 1.5 0.8 .009-.011
10 1.3 0.7 .007-.009
6 1.1 0.6 .003-.005
 Slurry Seal
Bituminous cold mix gradation conforming
to maximum nominal size 26.5 removed
 Minor Changes
Layer Property Fourth Edition Fifth Edition
Mastic Asphalt Hardness Number 60-80 50-70
at 25oC
Recycling of Asphalt Maximum amount 30% 60%

Bituminous cold mix gradation conforming to

maximum nominal size 26.5 removed
 Bituminous Layers
Newly introduced
Micro-surfacing
Stone Matrix Asphalt
Removed
Built-up Spray Grout
Bituminous Penetration Macadam
Semi-dense Bituminous Macadam
CONCRETE PAVEMENT
 Cement
OPC IS:8112
Fly-ash - cement substitute
Silica Fumes 3-10% of cement
Fibres as per specifications
 Dry Lean Concrete
Aggregate Gradation
Aggregate Gradation for DLC
Percentage by weight passing
IS Sieve (mm) Fifth Edition Fourth Edition
26.5 100 100
19 80-100 75-95
9.5 55-75 50-70
4.75 35-60 30-55
2.36 - 17-42
0.6 10-35 8-22
0.3 - 7-17
0.15 - 2-12
0.075 0-8 0-10

Compaction 98% that of trial section

 Cement Concrete Pavement
Introduced - Aggregate Gradation
Altered - Requirements for PQC
Requirements of PQC
Fifth Edition Fourth Edition
Max size of aggregate 25 mm 31.5 mm
Cement content 350 kg/cum 360 kg/cum
Max w/c ratio 0.5 0.45
Slump value 3015 mm 2015 mm
Paving rate 300 m/day 500 m/day
Aggregate Gradation for PQC
IS Sieve (mm) % by weight passing
31.5 100
26.5 85-95
19 68-88
9.5 45-65
4.75 30-55
0.6 8-30
0.15 5-15
0.075 0-5
 Geosythetics
New types Geocell, geosynthetic mats, glass
grids,etc.
Increased application
Detailed specifications and requirements
 Conclusion
Some courses which are not being utilized/are
unproductive have been removed and the newly improved
courses which have more utilization have been introduced.
Scope for using new materials (modified binders, fly-ash)
and recycled materials has increased.
The requirements for materials are stringent, thereby
improving the quality of construction material.
Use of machines for construction purposes is encouraged
and hand methods of construction have been restricted.
Construction practices are mentioned to improve the
service life of the pavement (like reduction of layer
thickness for compaction, increasing the trial lengths, etc.)