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DESIGN CONDITION
STOP
RUMUS PENDEKATAN
FORMULA POSDUNINE
DimanaC = 7,25 (V=15,5 ~ 18,5 knot)
2 = 26 (V> 20 knot)
V 1
= Vol displacement (m3)
L C . 3
V = kecepatan (knot)
2V L = panjang kapal (meter)
RUMUS PENDEKATAN
FORMULA SCHNEEKLUTH
0,145 dalam range 0,48 ~ 0,85
Dimana: C = 3,2 untuk Cb
Fn
Lpp 0,3 .V 0,3 .C = C 3,2
Cb 0,5
(0,145 / Fn) 0,5
(diluar range)
= Displacement (ton)
V = kecepatan (knot)
L = panjang kapal (meter)
FORMULA VOLKERS
Stabilitas kapal
Dimana t = periode oleng (8 ~ 20 detik)
C. B
t C = konstanta (0.36 ~ 0.6)
MG B = lebar kapal (feet)
MG = jari-jari metacentre (feet)
RUMUS PENDEKATAN
B = a.L + b (meter)
Dimana: a = 0.1
b = 1/9.L + 3.66
3. TINGGI KAPAL
PENGERTIAN TENTANG TINGGI KAPAL
freeboard
Kekuatan kapal
Kapasitas Ruang muat
Sarat maksimum yang direncanakan untuk muatan penuh pada musim panas
0,004. B 2
MB
12. . T
Dimana : = Water plane area
= 0.025
= koefisien block
4. SARAT KAPAL
KEUNTUNGAN T LEBIH BESAR
Volume Carene
Cb
LxBxT
Tahanan kapal
Kapasitas ruang muat
Displacement kapal
RUMUS PENDEKATAN
Luas midship
Cm
BxT
PENGARUH TERHADAP HASIL PERENCANAAN
WSA lebih besar (garis aliran lebih panjang, distribusi tidak merata,
tahanan gesek lebih besar)
RUMUS PENDEKATAN
Perbandingan luas bidang garis air kapal dengan luas kotak yang mengelilingi
Cb
Bentuk penampang (U dan V)
(L/B = rendah cenderung bentuk V)
2.Cb
1
Cm
CW PA
3
Manuverability
Tahanan Kapal
Stabilitas kapal
Stabilitas kapal
Light ship
The lightweight tonnage of a ship is the sum of all fixed weights, i.e. hull,
machinery, outfit and permanent equipment.
LS=WS+WM+WO
Deadweight
The difference between the displacement and the lightweight is the
deadweight tonnage which is the sum of the weight of cargo, fuel,
lubricating oil, fresh water, stores, passengers and baggage, crew and their
effects.
DWT=WC+WF+WLO+WFO+ WPAS+WLUG+WCREW+WSTORE
TEU/FEU
Container Ships are designed for stowage of containers in vertical stacks or
cells either within the hold of the vessel, on deck, or a combination of the
two. Containers are described in "FEU's" or "TEU's".
"FEU" is a forty foot long container (Forty foot Equivalent Unit)
"TEU" is a twenty foot long container. (Twenty foot Equivalent Unit )
There are six basic types of containers.
Refrigerated containers
dry bulk containers;
rack containers for lumber, etc;
automotive containers;
livestock containers;
collapsible containers for stowing when not in use.
Cubic Capacity
Tank ships are described in terms of oil carrying capacity. Barrel (bbl)
is the standard liquid cargo unit of measurement and one barrel
consists of 42 gallons (5.515 cubic feet, 0.156 cubic meter). One ton of
fuel oil is equivalent to 6.63 barrels.
Dry bulk cargo ships may also be described in terms of Cubic Bales or
Cubic Grain. Cubic Bales is the space available for cargo measured in
cubic feet within a ship cargo hold to the inside of the cargo battens,
on the frames and to the underside of the deck beams.
Grain cubic isthe maximum space available for the cargo within a
ship's hold in cubic meter, incorporating all volume inside the shell
plating of the hull and to the underside of the upper deck plating. Grain
Cubic occupies a larger cargo volume than the ship's Bale Cubic rating.
International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of
Ships, 1969 (TONNAGE 69)
Length
This means 96 percent of the total length on the waterline, at 85 percent of the least
molded depth measured from the top of the keel, or the length from the fore side of the
stem to the axis of the rudder stock on that waterline, if that be greater
Upper Deck
The upper deck is the uppermost complete deck exposed to weather and sea, which has
permanent means of weathertight closing of all openings in the weather part thereof, and
below which all openings in the sides of the ship are fitted with permanent means of
weathertight closing.
Moulded Depth
The moulded depth is the vertical distance measured from the top of the keel to the
underside of the upper deck at side. In wood and composite ships the distance is
measured from the lower edge of the keel rabbet.
Breadth
The breadth is the maximum breadth of the ship, measured amidships to the moulded
line of the frame in a ship with a metal shell and to the outer surface of the hull in a ship
with a shell of any other material.
Passenger
A passenger is every person other than:
(a) the master and the members of the crew or other persons employed
or engaged in any capacity on board a ship on the business of that ship;
and
(b) a child under one year of age.
Cargo Spaces
Cargo spaces to be included in the computation of net tonnage are
enclosed spaces appropriated for the transport of cargo which is to be
discharged from the ship, provided that such spaces have been
included in the computation of gross tonnage. Such cargo spaces shall
be certified by permanent marking with the letters CC (cargo
compartment) to be so positioned that they are readily visible and not
to be less than 100 milimeters (4 inches) in height.
Weathertight
Weathertight means that in any sea conditions water will not penetrate
into the ship
Gross Tonnage
The gross tonnage (GT) of a ship shall be determined by the following formula:
GT = K1V
where:
V = total volume of all enclosed spaces of the ship in cubic metres
K1 = 0.2 + 0.02 log10 V
Regulation 4
Net Tonnage
The net tonnage (NT) of a ship shall be determined by the following formula:
in which formula
(a) the factor shall not be taken as greater than unity
Representing the Hull Form
The Half-Breadth Plan
The Sheer Plan
The Body Plan
The Body Plan