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Organizational Design
& Structure
Organizational Design
Organizational Design - the process of constructing
and adjusting an organizations
organizationsstructure to achieve its
structure
goals.
the linking of
departments and
jobs within an
organization
Key Organizational Design
Processes
The process of deciding
how to divide the work
in an organization
Four Dimensions
Managers goal orientation
Time orientation
Interpersonal orientation
Formality of structure
Horizontal
Differentiation
Hierarchical referral
Rules and procedures
Plans and schedules
Positions added to the organization structure
Management information systems
Horizontal
Integration
Liaison roles
Task forces
Integrator positions
Teams
Formalization - the degree Centralization - the degree
to which the organization to which decisions are
has official rules, made at the top of the
regulations, and procedures organization
Hierarchy of Specialization -
Authority - the degree to
the degree of Basic which jobs are
vertical narrowly
differentiation
Design defined and
across Dimensions depend on
levels of unique
management expertise
Dependency
Bs relationship to A when A
possesses something that B
requires
The greater B's dependence, 13-14
Bases
Bases of
of Power:
Power: Formal
Formal Power
Power
Formal Power
Established by an individuals position in an
organization
Three bases:
Coercive Power
A power base dependent on fear of
negative results
Reward Power
Compliance achieved based on the
ability to distribute rewards that others
view as valuable
Legitimate Power
The formal authority to control and use
resources based on a persons position
in the formal hierarchy
13-15
Bases
Bases of
of Power:
Power: Personal
Personal Power
Power
13-16
Dependency:
Dependency: The
The Key
Key to
to Power
Power
Power Tactics
Ways in which individuals translate power bases
into specific actions
Nine influence tactics:
Legitimacy
Rational persuasion*
Inspirational appeals*
Consultation*
Exchange
Personal appeals
Ingratiation * Most effective
Pressure (Pressure is the least effective)
Coalitions 13-18