HYDROTREATING

(Hydroconversion)

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 1

 PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
Introduction
Definitions
Objectives
Hydrotreating Catalysts
Hydrotreating Reactions
Hydrotreating Processes
Operating Conditions
Examples of Hydrotreating in the Industry

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 2

INTRODUCTION

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 3

 DEFINITIONS
Cetane Number
Octane Number
Impurities
Smoke Point
Residue
Guard Reactor
Olefin
Paraffin
Aromatics

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 4

 OBJECTIVES
Why we have to use Hydrotreating in the
refinery?
Remove Contaminants
Break Aromatic Bonds
Products suitable for further processing

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 5

 HYDROTREATING CATALYSTS
Cobalt molybdenum and Molybdenum oxides on
alumina
Nickel oxide
Nickel thiomolybdate
Tungsten and Nickel sulfides
Vanadium oxide

Hydrotreaing AE357 Group6 6

 SELECTIVITY OF CATALYSTS
The removal of nitrogen (difficult to remove)
Nickel-Cobalt-Molybdenum
Nickel-Molybdenum
The removal of sulfur
Cobalt-Molybdenum
Aromatics Reduction

Hydrotreaing AE357 Group6 7

Hydrotreaing AE357 Group6 8
 HYDROTREATING REACTIONS

Mercaptanes

Sulphides

Disulphides

Phenol

Thiophenes Peroxides

Pyrrole

Pyridine

Hydrotreating Group6(AE357) 9
 HYDROTREATING PROCESSES
The main elements of a hydrotreating process

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 10

 HYDROTREATING PROCESSES
Naphtha Hydrotreating
Middle-Distillates Hydrotreating
Light Distillate (Kerosene & Jet Fuel)
Heavy Distillate (Diesel)
Atmospheric Residue Hydrotreating
Gas Oil

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 11

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 12
NAPHTHA HYDROTREATING

FLASH

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 13

MIDDLE DISTILLATES HYDROTREATING

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 14

ATMOSPHERIC RESIDUE HYDROTREATING

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 15

GAS OIL HYDROTREATING PROCESSES

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 16

 Operating Conditions
Pressure
Temperature
Catalyst loading
Feed flow rate

Increasing hydrogen partial pressure

High flowrate
Higher temperature

Hydrotreating Group6(AE357) 17
Typical Operating Conditions

Hydrotreating Group6(AE357) 18
EXAMPLES OF HYDROTREATING IN THE
INDUSTRY
Shell Global Solution
MOGAS
Topsoe

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 19

 SHELL GLOBAL SOLUTION
One of the largest hydrotreating operator
Produce higher value and cleaner products
Ultra-low-Sulphur diesel
Heart of hydrotreating process=high pressure
reactor vessel, catalyst, reactor internals
technology
Kuwait National Petroleum Company
Production of ultra-low-sulphur diesel
Indian Oil Corporation Limited
Use low-quality feedstock components to produce
diesel
Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 20
 MOGAS
Guard-reactor prevents the catalyst from
being poisoned
Collecting metals from the catalyst=guard
reactor becomes offline
MOGAS->Loading guard reactors with fresh
catalyst without having to be offline.

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 21

 TOPSOE
World leader in catalysis and surface science
Applications
Naphtha hydrotreating
FCC gasoline post-treatment
Kerosene hydrotreating
Diesel hydrotreating

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 22

 TOPSOE
Helps to achieve

Balanced hydrogen consumption

Cetane improvement

Saturation of aromatics

VGO hydrotreating / FCC pretreatment

Resid hydrotreating

Hydrotreating AE357 Group6 23

 Members (Group6)
Peerapol Lhowmongkolchai
Prasan Kitina
Anyamanee Siripojanakul

Hydrotreating Group6(AE357) 24