INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

PRESENTED BY:

SUMANT GARG
K.I.T.M Kurukshetra
 What is CCNA??

It requires good
understanding of topics
like Internetworking
Basics, Internet
This certification is earned
upon passing the ICND1 Protocol, IP Routing,
640-822 and ICND2 640-816 Switching, Virtual LAN,
exams. Examinees may take Security, NAT, Cisco
The the exams separately or the Wireless Technologies,
Cisco Certified Network Asso single 640-802 CCNA IPV6 and WAN Protocols.
ciate composite exam.
certification is popular
certification course that
covers skills necessary to
administer Cisco devices on
small or medium-sized
networks.
 Contents

NAT(Network
NAT(Network
Project
Project Router
Router and
and Concept
Concept of
of
Devices
Devices Used
Used IP
IP Addressing
Addressing Access
Access Lists
Lists Address
Address Switching
Switching
overview
overview Routing
Routing Cloud
Cloud Translation)
Translation)
Cisco Icons and Symbols

4
 Project

REMOTE
CONNECTIVITY
USING FRAME -
RELAY
IP Addressing

Class-full addressing
Class
Class A(1-127)
A(1-127)
Class
Class-less addressing
Class B(128-191)
B(128-191)
Class C(192-223) CIDR(Classless
CIDR(Classless Inter-Domain
Inter-Domain
Class C(192-223)
Class D(224-239) Routing)
Routing)
Class D(224-239) FLSM(Fixed
Class
Class E(240-255)
E(240-255) FLSM(Fixed Length
Length Subnet
Subnet
Masking)
Masking)
VLSM(Variable
VLSM(Variable Length
Length Subnet
Subnet
Masking)
Masking)
 Router
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 Router as a Computer
Data is sent in form of packets between 2 end devices
Routers are used to direct packet to its destination
 IP Routing..

Static Dynamic
Routing routing

Distance
With Next Link State Hybrid
With Exit As Default Vector
Hop IP Routing Routing
Interface Route Routing
Interface (OSPF) (EIGRP)
(RIP)
RIP(Routing Information Protocol)

It is the most Rip sends routing

easily confused update messages Router updates its
protocol because at regular interval routing table to
rip like protocols of time and also reflect the new
are many on the when the network changes.
internet. topology changes.

It uses distance
vector algorithm
which The maximum hop
mathematically count for rip is 15
compares routes to and the
identify the best Administrative
path to be chosen Distance (AD) is
for a particular 120.
destination
address.
RIP Setup
Commands Used..
 Commands used by RIP
Command Commands purpose

Rtr(config)#router rip Enables RIP routing process

Rtr(config-router)#network Associates a network with a RIP routing process

Rtr#debug ip rip used to view real time RIP routing updates

Rtr(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 Prevent RIP updates from going out an interface

Rtr#show ip protocols Used to display timers used by RIP

 Frame-Relay
Frame Relay is packet-switched technology. Frame
Relay follows principle of packet-switched technology.
Packet-switched networks allow dynamically share the
network medium and the available bandwidth to the
end to end stations
 DLCI(Data Link Connection identifier)
& LMI (local management interface)
Commands Used
 ACLs (Access Control Lists)
ACLs are lists of conditions that are applied to traffic
traveling across a router's interface. These lists tell
the router what types of packets to accept or deny.
Acceptance and denial can be based on specified
conditions.
ACLs can be configured at the router to control access

to a network or subnet.
ACLs must be defined on a per-protocol, per direction,

or per port basis.

There are three types of ACLs

1. Standard
2. Extended
3. Named
Reasons to create ACLs
1. Limit network traffic and increase network performance.
2. Provide traffic flow control.
3. Provide a basic level of security for network access.
4. Decide which types of traffic are forwarded or blocked at
the router interfaces. For example: Permit e-mail traffic to be
routed, but block all telnet traffic.
5. Allow an administrator to control what areas a client can
access on a network.
6. If ACLs are not configured on the router, all packets
passing through the router will be allowed onto all parts of
the network.
NAT: Network Address Translator
NAT
Translates between local addresses and public ones
Many private hosts share few global addresses

Private Network Public Network

Uses private address range Uses public addresses
(local addresses)
Local addresses may not Public addresses are
be used externally globally unique
 Network Switches..
A network switch is a small hardware device that
joins multiple computers together within one
Local Area Network(LAN). Technically switches
operate at Data-link Layer. These are almost like
HUBS. But unlike HUBS network switches are
capable of inspecting data as it is recieved,
determining the source and destination device of
each packet, and forwarding them appropriately.
 VLAN (Virtual LAN)
VLAN provides Virtual Segmentation of Broadcast
Domain in the network. The devices, which are
member of same Vlan, are able to communicate with
each other.
The devices of different Vlan may communicate with
each other with routing called Inter Vlan
Communication.
 Vlan Trunking Protocol (VTP)
With the help of VTP, we can simplify the process of
creating Vlan. In multiple switches, we can configure
one switch as VTP server and all other switches will be
configured as VTP client. We will create Vlans on VTP
server switch.
Inter Vlan
Server Switch
Client Switch
THANK YOU