CLASSIFICATION OF FAULTS IN

TRANSMISSION LINE USING CROSS-

CORRELATION & ANN TECHNIQUE

1
Outlines
INTRODUCTION
MODELLING THE THREE PHASE TRANSMISSION
LINE SYSTEM
OBJECTIVE OF WORK DONE
TECHNIQUE USED
TYPES OF FAULT AND ITS GRAPHICAL
OBSERVATION
RESULT
FURTHER APPROACH & FUTURE SCOPE
CONCLUSION

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 INTRODUCTION
1. The approach of two consecutive processes:- fault
detection process and fault diagnosis process.

2. Method for detecting & classifying transmission line.

a). Cross-correlation
b). Artificial neural network (ANN)

3
 MODELLING THE THREE PHASE TRANSMISSION LINE
SYSTEM

RATED VALUE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Sending end voltage=400kV
Receiving end voltage=400kV
Sample frequency=4kHZ

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OBJECTIVE OF WORK DONE
1. To simulate different type of faults using MATLAB
platform.

2. To get feature from faulty voltage signal using Cross-

correlation technique.

3. To classify the different types of faults using ANN

from featured values.

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 TECHNIQUE USED
For feature extraction For classification
using the cross - purpose using the
correlation technique. Artificial neural
network (ANN)
technique.

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TYPES OF FAULT AND ITS GRAPHICAL OBSERVATION

LG FAULT

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LL FAULT

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LLG FAULT

9
LLL FAULT

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 CROSS-CORREALATION
To measure similarity of two series as a
function of displacement of one relation to the other. Also
known as sliding dot product or sliding inner product.

f(t)*g(t)= _ ()g(t+)d
Where, f(t)= non-faulty signal
g(t)=faulty voltage signal
Result of the cross-correlation between two signals is known as
the cross-correlogram.

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USING ANN TECHNIQUE

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 INPUT & OUTPUT RELATION
Here, let us consider,
INPUT=Q1,R1,S1 OUTPUT=1 [for LG]
=Q2,R2,S2 =2 [for LL]
=Q3,R3,S3 =3 [for LLG]
=4 [for LLLG]

INPUT ANN OUTPUT

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 ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK(ANN)

An artificial neural network (ANN), usually

called neural network (NN), is a mathematical model or
computational model that is inspired by the structure and/or
functional aspects of biological neural networks.
ANNs have been applied to many geotechnical
engineering problems such as in modelling soil behaviour,
settlement of structures, slope stability.

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FLOW CHART OF (ANN)

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 RESULT
Fault Resistance Rf= 0.1, 10,25
Inception angle=0,45,90
Load angle=10
Distance=30km,60km,90km..270km
Total number data obtained
3*3*1*9=81
For each type of fault=81
Total fault 81*4=324
Training value=200 ; Testing value=124
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RESULT

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 RESULT

LL FAULT

2.1536
2.0497

2.0565
2.0362

2.0273
2.008

1.9702
1.9571
1.8886
1.8975

1.8876
1.8478

1.8526

1.8474
1.8421

1.7906
1.8112

1.7628
1.7625
1.7653

1.7585
1.7542

1.7716
1.6854
1.6698

1.6486

1.6109
1.6147
1.6147

1.5796
1.5015
FAULT VALUE

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Series 1 1.8 1.7 1.8 2 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.8 2 1.9 1.9 2 2 1.8 1.7 2 1.6 2.2 2 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.8
SAMPLE

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 FAULT VALUE

1
2.8949

2
2.5937

3
2.6644

4
2.5782

5
2.2423

6
2.6991

7
2.4856

8
2.3389

9
2.4546
1.9424
2.1739
2.3881
2.4713
2.2906
2.7917
2.2982

SAMPLE
2.4348
LLG FAULT

2.5131
LLG FAULT

2.4852
RESULT

2.0799
2.716
2.4348
2.5124
2.4958
2.1152
3.0111
2.783
2.1476
2.5488
2.31
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

2.6763
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 FAULT VALUE

1
3.6768

2
3.9181

3
2.9915

4
3.8466

5
3.8932

6
3.4559

7
3.3388

8
3.4887

9
3.912
3.5447

10 11
2.5918
4.0377
3.8153
3.6469
3.8213
3.7046
Series 1

SAMPLE
3.907
3.7339
LLL FAULT
RESULT

3.321
3.8269
3.6401
3.0789
3.93
3.8983
4.1033
3.8843
2.6859
3.9934
3.8998
2.8102
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

3.8473
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 RESULT
Type of faults Total no of test data No of miss-prediction % accuracy

SLG 31 1 96.8

LL 31 4 87.1

LLG 31 10 67.8

LLL 31 5 83.9

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 FURTHER APPROACH & FUTURE SCOPE

Future we can conclude the work on the finding the

fault location. We can use many technique like
Support vector machine(SVM),Wavelet transform,
K-Nearest neighbours(K-NN)etc.
In future we may find the fault and its location by
using K- Nearest neighbours(K-NN) technique.

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 CONCLUSION
To identify fault values and their classification &
detection by using Cross- correlation & ANN
techniques.
31 different samples have been taken to observe the
variations of fault values.
Graphical representation have been drawn to check
the variation of faults.

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 REFERENCES
[1]. Zhengyou He, Ling Fu, Sheng Lin, and Zhiqian Bo,
Fault detection and classification in ehv transmission
line based on wavelet singular entropy, IEEE Trans.
Power Del, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 2156-2163, Oct. 2010.

[2].P. S. Bhowmik, P. Purkait and K. Bhattacharya, A

novel wavelet transform and neural network based
transmission line fault analysis method, IEEE Trans.
Power Del., vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 477-483, Oct. 2009.

[3]. B.U. Kohler, C. Henning, R. Orglmeister, The principles of

software QRS detection, IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. 21 (1) (2002)
4257.

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 REFERENCES
[4]. N. G. Bundhe and S. R. Paraskar, Classification of fault
on 400 Kv transmission line, IJSSBT, vol. 1, pp.71-75,
Feb. 2013.

[5]. Kulkarnisakekar Sumant Sudhir and R. P. Hasabe,

Wavelet-based transmission line fault detection and
classification, Graduate Research in Engineering and
Technology (GRET), pp. 58-63, Nov. 2013.

[6]. Shahzad Ali Rana, Aziz Ahmad and Mohammad

Noorullah Quadri, Faults detection and classification on
Long transmission line using wavelet Analysis,
IJREAT, vol. 2, June-July 2014.

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