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Vesicle
ATP
Receptor for
motor protein
Muscle cell
Actin filament
Myosin filament
Myosin arm
2012 mit/rre/egr,SITH
MICROTUBULE
Structure and composition :
Rod shape (tubule)
exist almost in all eukaryote cells
Function in mitosis and cell movement
cilia dan flagella
Consist of proto -filament paralel
along the axis of tubules.
Protofilament consists of 2 kind of
tubulin molecules : dan
2012 mit/rre/egr,SITH
Bind to MAP (microtubule associated protein)
myosin aktin
kynesin vesicle movement from
cell to synaptic terminal & organelles
transport
2012 mit/rre/egr,SITH ITB dynein cilia and flagella
2012 mit/rre/egr,SITH ITB
Organization of MT around the MTOC and spindle poles
Cooperation of myosin and
General model of kynesin and dynein mediated transport kynesin at the cell cortex
2012 mit/rre/egr,SITH
Microtubule-Organizing center (MTOC): the place where enucleation happen
forming molecule start to organize and elongation also started
centrosome, basal body
Centrosome
- Only in animal cells
- Consists of 2 centrioles & peri-centriolar material
- Microtubules from cilia
and flagella start from
basal body
- Polymerization in
MTOC is started with
the arrangement of -
tubulin in the
nucleation center and
then polymerization
will continue with the
arrangement of and
tubulin
0.5 m 0.1 m
Triplet
Cell movement:
membrane extension, cell-substrate adhesion, cell
body translocation, breaking cell attachments
Functions:
Motility, cell shape and
cytokinesis
Consist of actin protein (,) A.Anti-parallel bundles+myosin = contraction (EX: cytokinesis, cell migration)
B.2D gel = structural support
& tropomyosin filament C.Parallel fibers = protrusions
2012 mit/rre/egr,SITH ITB Actin binding proteins create different actin arrays in a crawling cell
Not-so-mellow mushrooms
Phallotoxin (phalloidin)
an actin filament stabilizer
the poison in some mushroom genera
It kills by stabilizing actin
filaments (inhibiting disassembly)
Immediate cause of death is
liver failure
Cytochalasin
an actin filament de-stabilizer
also derived from mushrooms
1)
1) RBCs
RBCshave
haveproven
provenparticularly
particularlyuseful
usefulfor
forstudies
studiesof
ofboth
both
the plasma membrane and the cortical cytoskeleton.
the plasma membrane and the cortical cytoskeleton.
This
This is
is because
because RBCs
RBCs have
have no
no nucleus
nucleus or
or internal
internal
organelles. In addition, human erythrocyteslack
organelles. In addition, human erythrocytes lackother
other
cytoskeletal components (microtubules
cytoskeletal components (microtubules and and
intermediate
intermediatefilaments),
filaments),so sothe
thecortical
corticalcytoskeleton
cytoskeleton
isisthe
the principal determinant of their distinctiveshape
principal determinant of their distinctive shapeasas
the structural basis for the cortical
cytoskeleton in erythrocytes-spectrin
Wound healing in blood vessel
Prothrombin Thrombin
2012 mit/rre/egr,SITH ITB
Fibrinogen Fibrin
Some intracellular pathogens such as the bacteria Listeria and Shigella and the vaccinia
virus usurp the host cells mechanism of assembling actin networks and propel
themselves through the cytoplasm with actin tails.
Listeria lifecycle: an intracellular pathogen
Phagocytosis
Lysis of phagosome
Proliferation in the
cytoplasm
Locomotion
Cell-cell spread
through filopodia
Listeria
Intermediate filament