EFFECTIVENESS OF APPLE

CIDER VINEGAR TO WEIGHT

LOSS AMONG SELECTED
NURSING STUDENTS AND
FACULTY MEMBERS
Introduction
Obesity is one of the leading causes of death in the Philippines. This is a result from
eating more than the body needs for growth, energy, and maintenance (Fowler, H.R.,2013); it is
a serious problem that could be acquired through unhealthy lifestyle. According to National
Nutrition Council (NNC) survey last 2015, 3 out of 10 Filipino adults are overweight. Over the
past two decades the number of obese and overweight persons is increasing. This is a very
alarming because poor nutrition is not only a problem in children but also in adults. Heart and
circulatory diseases can result from poor nutrition. An increase in cholesterol levels in the blood
may be caused by a diet in which there are too many saturated fats. Increased cholesterol can
increase the chances of heart attacks, strokes, and other diseases of the blood vessels (Fowler,
H.R.,2013).
 A persons lifestyle has a great impact on his health this includes smoking, alcohol
intake, and poor diet leading to obesity. Iranian journal of public health define lifestyle as, a way
of used by people, groups and nations and is formed in specific geographical, economic,
political, cultural and religious text. It includes day to day behaviors and functions of individuals
in job, activities, fun and diet. Based on World health organization 60 percent of related factors to
individual and quality of life are correlated to lifestyle. The survey said that 93 percent of
Filipinos do not engage in leisure-related physical activity and about three-fourth of adults do not
engage in non-work activity(75.4 percent) and work-related physical activity (76.3
percent).Nowadays, a lot of Filipino person follows an unhealthy lifestyle this is why they
encounter problems like obesity, cardio-vascular disease, hypertension, and metabolic diseases.
This is why lifestyle is one of the greatest factors of ones individual
 According to Food and Nutrition Research Institute
(FNRI), the number of obese Filipino adults increased by
14.5 percentage points, from 16.6 percent in 1993 to 31.1
percent in 2013. This means that from year 1993 to the year
2013 the number of Filipino obese person is increasing.
According to researchers, obese and overweight persons are
at risk of having type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases;
various form of cancer, and musculoskeletal disorder like
osteoarthritis. The common cause of obesity is because of
physical inactivity and consumption of food more than body
requirement.
 Every year the number of death in the Philippines
increases, according to Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
survey, the reported death in 2013 was 531,280, an increase
of 16,535 or 3.2 percent from 514,745 deaths recorded in
2012. And the leading cause of mortality among adults is
diseases of the heart, second leading was disease of the
vascular system then diabetes mellitus was also included on
the top ten and it was on the rank eight. It is really
devastating that these three diseases can be an effect of
obesity.
 The healthcare team especially nurses and dietician is
collaborating to prevent and stop this increasing rate of overweight
individuals among Filipinos. The Food and Nutrition Research
Institute of the Department of Science and Technology (FNRI-
DOST) launches PDRI 2015. The Philippine Dietary Reference
Intake 2015 (PDRI) adopts the multiple level approach for setting
nutrient reference values to meet the needs of various stakeholders
for appropriate nutrient reference values. This is for planning and
assessing diets of healthy groups and individuals. Aside from this,
there are some other ways on how to maintain a healthy lifestyle and
reduce weight.
 Apple, common name for any deciduous tree of the
genus Malus, of the family Rosaceae (Funk & Wagnalls,
2016). The world book encyclopedia defines apple as the
most valuable of all the fruits that grow on trees. It contains
phytonutrients and antioxidants that may help reduce the
risk of developing cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and heart
diseases (Healthline media UK LTD, Brighton,UK 2017).
Most apples are eaten raw. They are also used in making
jellies, applesauce, and juice.
 Cider is the fermented juice of apples and used as beverage and for making vinegar.
There are two kinds of cider the hard cider and sweet cider. Hard cider is an alcoholic
drink while sweet cider is a nonalcoholic apple juice (Funk & Wagnalls, 2016). Cider is one
of the oldest beverages made from apple juice. It is produced in various countries around
the world (Kowalczyk, A. et al., 2015). Sweet apple cider is produced ny grinding apples
and squeezing out the juice with mechanical process. To make hard cider, the juice is
stored and allowed to ferment. In this process, yeasts convert sugar in the juice to alcohol.
Hard cider may be made into cider vinegar by allowing bacteria to convert the alcohol to
acetic acid. This acid gives vinegar its sour taste ( Funk & Wagnalls, 2016). Apple cider
vinegar is now commonly used in different purposes. According to the study of Omar et.
al in 2016, apple cider vinegar, in early stages of diabetes induction can decrease the
destructive progress of diabetes and cause hepatoprotection against metabolic damages
resulting from streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus. Preliminary research is being
conducted to determine possible effects on blood glucose levels, satiety, and hypertension
but no significant clinical studies have supported its use for these conditions as of 2017.
Statement of the Problem
The study will deal with the determination of the effectiveness of apple cider vinegar
in weight loss. Specifically, the study will answer the following problem:
1. How will the apple cider vinegar help the faculty members and nursing students in
Arellano University in losing weight?
2. For how many weeks will the apple cider vinegar take effect on the respondents
weight?
3. Is there a significant relationship on the food choices of respondents and the intake of
apple cider vinegar?
4. What are the respondents perception regarding the taste of the apple cider vinegar?
Significance of the study
Generally, the results of this study could provide additional knowledge
and insight that would facilitate and maintain ideal body weight. The findings
of the study maybe significant to the following:
Obese Person: The result of this study will help the obese person lose
weight and maintain ideal body weight to prevent development of these
specific diseases:
a) Cardiovascular disease
b) Diabetes Mellitus
c) Cancer
The Nursing Students: This study can further help them in
promoting healthy lifestyle and preventing the occurrence of high
morbidity rate of cardiovascular diseases in the country.
Nursing School Administrators and Faculty: The findings of
this study will provide data that will help the administrator and
faculty to come up with alternative way in preparing nursing
students to become effective and excellent nurse educator in the
future.
The Future Nurse Researcher: This will provide the future nurse
researcher more information regarding the effects of apple cider on
obese persons.