LTE Network Issue Analysis summary

Feb 2017

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Attach Issue Analysis
Attach Signaling Flow

UE eNB MME HSS S-GW P-GW

RRC: Recv. SIB5 message in PBCH :RRC

PHY: Start random access preamble :PHY

and reconfigure Tx power
.
.
.
PHY: Recv. access indication in AICH :PHY

RRC: connection request in RACH :RRC

RRC: Connection setup request in RACH :RRC

RRC: Connection Setup Complete in RACH :RRC

S1-AP: Attach Request :S1-AP

NAS: Identity Request :NAS
NAS: Identity Response [GUTI / IMSI] :NAS
S6a: Authentication request :S6a
S6a: Authentication response :S6a
NAS: Authenticatio Request :NAS

NAS: Authenticatio Response :NAS

Attach Signaling Flow

UE eNB MME HSS S-GW P-GW

NAS: Security Mode Command :NAS

NAS: Security Mode Complete :NAS

S6a: Update Location Request :S6a

S6a: Update Location Answer :S6a

S6a: Insert-Subscriber-Data-Request :S6a

S6a: Insert-Subscriber-Data-Answer :S6a

S11: Create Session Request : S11

S5: Create Session Request :S5

S5: Create Session Response :S5

S11: Create Session Response :S11
Attach Accept
S1AP: Initial Context Setup Request :S1AP
Attach Accept
RRC: Security Mode Command :RRC

RRC: Security Mode Complete :RRC

Attach Signaling Flow

UE eNB MME HSS S-GW P-GW

RRC: UE capability Enquiry :RRC

RRC: UE capability Information :RRC
S1AP: UE capability Information :S1AP
RRC: RCC connection Reconfiguration :RRC

RRC: RCC connection Reconfiguration Complete :RRC

S1AP: Initial Context Setup Complete :S1AP

S1AP: DL Info Transfer :S1AP
DL Info Transfer

UL Info Transfer
Attach Complete
S1AP: UL Info Transfer :S1AP
Attach Complete
S10: Modify Bearer Request :S10
S10: Modify Bearer Complete :S10

UL / DL Payload Data flow

Case Share 1 : TAC Not Mapping on CN Causes Attach Failure
Phenomenon Description: The UE cant access in the LTE network from 7th, Aug. This just happened
in one eNodeB, rather than the whole network.

Analysis:
1. RRC connection setup. As below, the RRC connection setup success rate is normal after 7th, Aug., but the
number of RRC connection setup increased after 7th, Aug.
Case Share 1 : TAC Not Mapping on CN Causes Attach Failure
2. E-RAB setup. The number of E-RAB setup is normal before 7th, Aug., and the E-RAB setup success rate was
normal before 7th, Aug. But the number of E-RAB setup dropped to zero suddenly from 7th, Aug.
Case Share 1 : TAC Not Mapping on CN Causes Attach Failure
3. Check the alarm log. There wasnt any new alarm report on 7th, Aug. (The IP Path Fault was caused by the X2
interface, rather than S1 interface, it wont affect the E-RAB setup.
Case Share 1 : TAC Not Mapping on CN Causes Attach Failure
4. Check the operation log. There wasnt any modification operation on 7th, Aug.
Case Share 1 : TAC Not Mapping on CN Causes Attach Failure
5. S1 interface trace. The MME dont send the initial UE context setup REQ message to eNB after eNB send the
initial_UE_MSG. On the opposite, the MME sends UE context release command to eNB to release the UE with cause
normal release. It needed the core network engineer to analyze it.

6. After the core network engineer check the MME. They confirmed that the core network engineer forgot to configure
the TAC of this eNodeB on the MME after they transferred the eNodeB to the other MME. When eNB send the
initial_UE_MSG Message to Core network, which includes the TAC of this eNodeB, but core network cant match this
site in TAC list. So it doesnt respond it, and do not trigger the e-RAB setup procedure.
Case Share 2 : Attach Failure due to missing User Plane Peer IP and MME IP
Phenomenon Description: UE cant make attach one new LTE site in SSA testing. And this site didnt
have any alarm impact service.

Analysis:
1. RRC connection setup. As below Graph 1 , the RRC connection setup success rate is normal after 24th Jan
when on air.
2. E-RAB connection setup. As below Graph 2, no any E-RAB Establish attempt happened.

Graph 1 Graph 2
 Case Share 2 : Attach Failure due to missing User Plane Peer IP and MME IP
3. Check CN related parameter Local tracking area ID/CN Operator ID/Tracking area code, as Graph 3. These
parameters had been existing in live network. And another same parameter sites RRC/E-RAB setup SR was
normal, as Graph 4.

Graph 3 Graph 4
Case Share 2 : Attach Failure due to missing User Plane Peer IP and MME IP
4. DT test. Authentication and Security Mode can be made successfully. But Attach was rejected, cause was
unknown-or-missing-APN(27).
Case Share 2 : Attach Failure due to missing User Plane Peer IP and MME IP
4. Compare BSS parameter between issue site and normal site. Found issue site was lack of User Plane Peer IP.

5. BSS team assisted to check USERPLANEPEER and IPRT configuration. This site was not configured any SPWG IP
and MME IP. After add them at 1st Feb, LTE site access KPI recovered.
CSFB & Fast Return Analysis
CSFB & Fast Return KPI Analysis Root Cause checklist Workflow
Category Check List
Network available check
Start Operation Log Check
The whole Network KPI Degrade Transmission check
Alarm check
Local Event check
Phenomena analyse
Transmission check
Proposal Operation Log Check
Alarm check
TOP Cells Degrade Load balance strategy Parameter Check
Yes
Whole network KPI UL Interference Check
Degrade A License Check
Local Event check
Others TOP UE or TOP Subscriber
No
Yes
Formula
TOP Cell degradation
B CSFB SSR (%)=L.CSFB.E2W/L.CSFB.PrepSucc*100
No

Remark:
No
Network Level KPI Degradation judgment Reference
Problem Solved C If remove top 20% low CSFB and high Attempts failures but after the KPI
re-calculation still not reach the target
TOP Cell KPI Degradation judgment Reference
Yes
If remove top 20% low CSFB SR and high Attempts failures and after the
KPI re-calculation can reach the target
End TOP User or Subscriber
If after check everything but still can not solve problem, check top IMSI
from PCHR, and request for customer to add blacklist of top cell
For Optimization Proposal , Kindly see next slide
 CSFB & Fast Return Feature and Parameters
Fast Return Parameter:

UMTS Parameter MML Command Recommend value Comments

SET LICENSE SETOBJECT=UMTS, Enable License for UMTS to LTE reselection.
ISPRIMARYPLMN=YES, If license not available, then UMTS to LTE interworking
FUNCTIONSWITCH5=UL_MOBILITY_P1-1 will not working.
SibCfgBitMap ADD SIB19-1 Enable UTRAN send SIB19 messages to UE for UMTS to
UCELLSIBSWITCH LTE reselection. If not enable, then UE wont reselect to
LTE in 3G.
EARFCN 1350 LTE EARFCN
(all carriers of the HO_UMTS_TO_LTE_FAST_RETURN_SWI Enable UMTS to LTE Fast Return
FastReturnToLTESwitch UMTS cell which co- TCH=1
site with LTE) PERFENH_PS_FAST_RETURN_LTE_SWI Enable UMTS to LTE Fast Return
FastReturnToLTESwitch TCH=1
 CSFB & Fast Return Feature and Parameters
UTRANEXTERNALCELL:

LTE Parameter MML Command Recommend value Comments

CellReselPriorityCfgInd CFG Enable the inter-RAT cell reselection priority
CellReselPriority ADD UTRANNFREQ 4 for UMTS Cell reselection priority of the neighboring UTRAN frequency. If reselection priority is
not configured , UE wont reselect to the 3G frequency from LTE.
UtranCellId 3G Cell ID Cell ID of the external UTRAN cell.
UtranFddTddType UTRAN_FDD Indicates the type of the UTRAN cell (FDD or TDD)
RncId 3G cell RNC ID RNC ID of the external UTRAN cell
whether to set the routing area code (RAC) of the external UTRAN cell. This
RacCfgInd ADD UTRANEXTERNALCELL CFG parameter must be set to CFG if the external UTRAN cell supports packet switched
(PS) services
Rac 3G cell RAC RAC of the UMTS cell
PScrambCode 3G cell PSC Downlink Primary Scrambling Code of the external UTRAN cell
Lac 3G cell LAC Location Area Code of the external UTRAN cell
 CSFB & Fast Return Feature and Parameters
BlindHoPriority:
Function LTE Parameter MML Command Recommend value Comments
BlindHoPriority At least one 3G neighbor set priority > Configure one UTRAN (U2100 F1) dummy neighbor cell as blind handover
BlindHoPriority ADD UTRANNCELL
0 neighboring cell to comply the UE that dont support UTRAN measurement

Related Switch :
LTE Parameter MML Command Recommend value Comments

HoModeSwitch UtranRedirectSwitch:On Enable redirection from LTE to UTRAN switch

HoAlgoSwitch MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH UtranCsfbSwitch:On Enable CSFB to UTRAN switch

HoModeSwitch BlindHoSwitch:On Enable blind HO switch to perform CSFB

Case Share :UL Interference cause CSFB SSR degrade
Description:
CSFB MT exist LTE Idle, terminal exist LTE Network and stay at weak coverage and UL Interference area, need to setup RRC Connect from Idle
status, due to the weak coverage and interference, UE send the TAU Request from Idle, or CSFB return to LTE, eNodeB have not received TAU
request information, UE can not update location information, cause the UE can not found.

Result:
This CSFB failure is contribute by weak coverage and UL interference, after RF optimization and improve the cell reselection threshold to 2G/3G,
CSFB failure issue solved.
Case Share: Fast Return Failure
Description:
Fast Return switch already open, Not trigger Fast Return function after the CSFB finished.

Founding:
Fast Return is controlled not only by Fast return switch but also controlled by idle U2L reselection parameter.
1: LTE Neighbor Frequent priority is low than 3G;
2: the IUPS signaling is after CSFB finished, need to open the enhanced fast return Reserved switch.

Solution:
Open the enhanced switch RESERVED_SWITCH_3_BIT12, modified the LTE Idle UCELLNFREQPRIOINFO higher than UMTS, after CSFB finished,
trigger fast return to LTE.
Inter-RAT HO KPI Analysis
IRAT HO KPI Analysis Root Cause Flow
Start

Inter RAT HO KPI Analyse

Proposal

External Neighbour
IRAT HO SR in Prepare Yes Yes
Phase inconsistency A
Issue

No No
Yes
IRAT HO SR in Execution Phase Parameter Unreasonable issue B
No
Yes
External Neighbour alarm issue c

Yes
Radio condition
D
No

Yes
Parameter
E

End
 IRAT HO KPI Analyze Work Flow Proposal
A Solution For External Neighbour inconsistency Issue
1. Need to check 3G External Neighbors configuration much be correct.
( 3G Neighbor Parameter include: RncId, CellId, Mcc, Mnc, UtranDlArfcn, Rac, PScrambCode, Lac etc.)
2. Activate Inter RAT ANR Feature, open auto add and delete UMTS neighbor switch, and set delete UMTS neighbor HO time threshold.
(Switch include: UtranEventAnrSwitch-1&UtranAutoNrtDeleteSwitch-1, NCellRankingSwitch=UTRAN_SWITCH-1)
(Delete Threshold include: StatisticPeriodForNRTDel=1440, StatisticNumForNRTDel= 50, UtranNcellDelPunNum=50,
NcellHoStatNum=10, UtranNcellHoForNRTDelThd=10)

B Solution For Parameter Unreasonable Issue

1. Need to check CSFB HO Policy Configuration Parameter much be correct.
(Parameter include: CsfbHoPolicyCfg=CCO_HO-0&PS_HO-0, IdleModeCsfbHoPolicyCfg=CCO_HO-0&PS_HO-0)

C Solution For External Neighbour alarm Issue

1. Need to check External Neighbor have cell unavailability alarm or not, because there are no radio resource configuration due to 3G site have
alarm, much be fix 3G alarm.
2. If PSHO fail in Prepare Phase due to 3G sites congestion, Need to open 3G Cell and RNC Switch
(CellConnAlgoSwitch1=PERFENH_SYSHO_IN_FAIL_RETRY_SWITCH-1;) (PerfEnhanceSwitch4=PERFENH_SYSHO_IN_BE_RATE_DOWN_SWITCH-1)

D Solution For Radio condition bad issue

1. Need to check cells coverage and quality, can check cell is weak coverage, overshooting, MOD3 and external interference, bad quality etc. from
MR data and KPI (CQI, MSC, TA).

Solution For Parameter Unreasonable issue

E
1. Need to check cells Inter-RAT A1/A2 measurement trigger threshold.
2. Need to check inter-RAT HO B1 measurement trigger mode much be ECN0, and B1 threshold is -18 dB.
(InterRatHoUtranB1MeasQuan=ECN0) (InterRatHoUtranB1ThdEcn0=-18)
 Attachment 1 : Related Parameters for Reference
Network LTE Parameter MML Command Default value Recommend value Comments
UtranRedirectSwi
MOD UtranRedirectSwitch:On Enable redirection from LTE to UTRAN switch
tch:Off
HoModeSwitch ENODEBALGOSWI
UtranPsHoSwitch Enable PS handover from LTE to UTRAN
TCH UtranPsHoSwitch:On
:Off switch
RSRP
InterRatHoA1A2TrigQuan Range: RSRP, RSRP Inter-RAT A1/A2 measurement trigger quantity
MOD
RSRQ, BOTH
INTERRATHOCOM
UTRAN_RSCP
InterRatHoUtranB1MeasQu M
Range: RSCP, ECN0 UTRAN measurement trigger quantity
an
ECN0, BOTH
-111
RSRP threshold for inter-RAT measurement
InterRatHoA1ThdRsrp Range: -141~-43 -114 [dBm]
event A1
Unit: dBm
-115
RSRP threshold for inter-RAT measurement
InterRatHoA2ThdRsrp Range: -141~-43 -118 [dBm]
ADD event A2
LTE Unit: dBm
INTERRATHOCOM
2 2 [0.5dB]
MGROUP Hysteresis for inter-RAT measurement event
InterRatHoA1A2Hyst Range: 0~30 (1dB)
A1/A2
Unit: 0.5dB
640
Time-to-trigger for inter-RAT measurement
InterRatHoA1A2TimeToTrig Range: 640 [ms]
event A1/A2
0ms~5120ms
-24
ECN0 threshold for event B1 related to
InterRatHoUtranB1ThdEcn0 Range: -24~-0 -18 [dB]
coverage-based inter-RAT HO to UTRAN
Unit: dB
ADD 2 2 [0.5dB]
InterRatHoUtranB1Hyst INTERRATHOUTRA Range: -120~-25 (1dB) Hysteresis for inter-RAT HO event B1
NGROUP Unit: dBm
640
InterRatHoUtranB1TimeToTr
Range: 0ms- 640 [ms] Time-to-trigger for inter-RAT HO event B1
ig
5120ms
Attachment 2 : Related Parameters for Reference
Network LTE Parameter
UtranEventAnrSwitch
UtranAutoNrtDeleteSwitch
UTRAN_SWITCH
UTRAN_DELREDUNDANCENCELL
UTRAN_DELERRORNCELL
UtranEventAnrMode
StatisticPeriodForNRTDel
StatisticNumForNRTDel
UtranNcellDelPunNum
NcellHoStatNum
LTE
UtranNcellHoForNRTDelThd
PS_HO@CsfbHoPolicyCfg
PS_HO@IdleModeCsfbHoPolicyCfg
CCO_HO@CsfbHoPolicyCfg
CCO_HO@IdleModeCsfbHoPolicyCfg
REDIRECTION@CsfbHoPolicyCfg
REDIRECTION@IdleModeCsfbHoPolicyCfg
MML Command Default value Recommend value
0 1
MOD ENODEBALGOSWITCH 0 1
0 1
0 1
0 1
BASED_NCL NOT_BASED_NCL
10080 1440
MOD ANR
200 50
1 50
200 10
0 10
1 0
1 0
1 0
MOD CSFALLBACKPOLICYCFG 1 0
1 1
1 1
Attachment 3 : Related Parameters for Reference

Recommend
Network Level LTE Parameter MML Command Default value
value

PERFENH_SYSHO_IN_FAIL_RETRY_SWI
Cell TCH@CellConnAlgoSwitch1 MOD UCELLCONNALGOPARA 0 1

UMTS

PERFENH_SYSHO_IN_BE_RATE_DOWN_
RNC SET UCORRMPARA 0 1
SWITCH@PerfEnhanceSwitch4
Attachment : Related Counters for Reference
Network Counter Comment

L.IRATHO.E2W.PrepAttOut (None) L2U IRAT HO Prepare Attempt Out times

LTE L.IRATHO.E2W.ExecAttOut (None) L2U IRAT HO Execute Attempt Out times

L.IRATHO.E2W.ExecSuccOut (None) L2U IRAT HO Execute Success Out times

LTE to UMTS IRAT HO Prepare Attempt Out times (Point to

L.IRATHO.NCell.E2W.ExecAttOut (None)
Point HO)
LTE to UMTS IRAT HO Execute Attempt Out times (Point to
LTE-UMTS L.IRATHO.NCell.E2W.ExecSuccOut (None)
Point HO)
LTE to UMTS IRAT HO Execute Success Out times (Point to
L.IRATHO.NCell.E2W.PrepAttOut (None)
Point HO)

VS.RAB.FailEstabPS.Cong UMTS PS Establish Fail due to congest

UMTS VS.Cell.UnavailTime.Sys UMTS Cell Unavaibility Times due to System Issue

VS.Cell.UnavailTime UMTS Cell Unavaibility Times

Case Share : IRAT HO Success Rate degradation
IRAT HO Rate degradation finding & IRAT Handover Execution Success Rate(L2W) VS IRAT HO Fail IRAT Handover Execution Success Rate(L2W) VS IRAT HO Exec Att
100 9
Analyze: 8
101 250

99 100
Degradation of IRAT HO after 7 200

IRAT HO Exec Rate(%)

IRAT HO Exec SR(%)

99

IRAT HO Exec Att

98 6
activated PSHO Switch leads increment of Change IRAT Threshold
98 150
5
IRAT HO Fail.

Fail
97 Activated PS HO Switch
4 97 100
Finding : 96 3
96
Activated PS HO Switch
2 50
High number of IRAT Fail at worst 95
1 95

contributor mostly new site. 94 0 94 0

10-Aug 11-Aug 12-Aug 13-Aug 14-Aug 15-Aug 16-Aug 17-Aug 18-Aug 19-Aug 20-Aug 21-Aug 10-Aug 11-Aug 12-Aug 13-Aug 14-Aug 15-Aug 16-Aug 17-Aug 18-Aug 19-Aug 20-Aug 21-Aug
InterRatHoUtranB1ThdEcn0 set to lower DPS_1 DPS_1

value -24, its mean IRAT HO can perform Sum of IRAT HO Fail Average of Inter-RAT Handover Execution Success Rate(L2W) Sum of LIRATHOE2WExecAttOut (None) Average of Inter-RAT Handover Execution Success Rate(L2W)

when target cell in bad quality.

Action: LTE Payload(MByte) Change IRAT Threshold
Activated PS HO Switch
Increase InterRatHoUtranB1ThdEcn0 from - 1800000
1600000
24 to -18 to reduce number of fail and IRAT
1400000
HO to target cell in good quality.
1200000
1000000
Result : 800000

IRAT HO Execution increase and number of 600000

IRAT HO Fail reduce. 400000

LTE Payload increase. 200000

0
10-Aug 11-Aug 12-Aug 13-Aug 14-Aug 15-Aug 16-Aug 17-Aug 18-Aug 19-Aug 20-Aug 21-Aug
DPS_1
Total