Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Hydraulic Calculations
(Wet and Dry Systems)
BSSI 1001
where:
Q = USGPM
AOP = Area of Sprinkler operations
1500 3000 ft2 for light hazard
Density = USGPM/ft2
or water/square foot
Hydraulic Equations
2
Q
p for first sprinkler pressure
K
where:
Q = USGPM QK p
K=sprinkler factor
p=pressure in psig
Hydraulic Equations
Pf FQ1.85 PF Pf L
where:
Pf = pressure drop per foot (psig/ft)
Q = USGPM pipe flow
F = friction factor from table
PF = total pressure loss
Hydraulic Example
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Q= Q= Q= Q=
1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in
P= P= P= P= P=
Q=
Q= Q= Q= Q=
1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in
P= P= P= P= P=
Q=
16 ft
Q = Area x Density = 130 ft2 x
0.15 USGPM = 19.5 USGPM
P=
Q=
Hydraulic Example
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Q= Q= Q= Q = 19.5
1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in
P= P= P= P= P=
Q=
p = (Q/K)2
16 ft
= (19.5/5.65)2
P=
Q=
= 11.91 psig
Hydraulic Example
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Q= Q= Q= Q = 19.5
1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in
P= P= P= P= P =11.91
Q=
pf = FC120 x Q1.85
16 ft
= 5.10 x 10-4 x 19.51.85
= 0.124 psig/ft
P=
Q=
Hydraulic Example
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Q4 = Q3 = Q2 = Q1 = 19.5
1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in
P5 = P4 = P3 = P2 = P1 =11.91
Q5 =
Pf = p f x L
16 ft
= 0.124 x 10 ft
P=
Q= = 1.24 psig
Hydraulic Example
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Q4 = Q3 = Q2 = Q1 = 19.5
1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in
P5 = P4 = P3 = P2 = P1 =11.91
Q5 =
P2 = Pf + P1
16 ft
= 1.24 + 11.91
= 13.15 psig
P=
Q=
Hydraulic Example
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Q4 = Q3 = Q2 = Q1 = 19.5
1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in
P5 = P4 = P3 = P2 =13.15 P1 =11.91
Q5 =
Q2 = K P2 + Q1
16 ft
= 5.65 13.15 + 19.5
P= = 20.49 + 19.5
Q=
= 39.99 USGPM
Hydraulic Example
10 ft 10 ft 10 ft 10 ft
Q4 = Q3 = Q2 =39.99 Q1 = 19.5
1 in 1 in 1 in 1 in
P5 = P4 = P3 = P2 =13.15 P1 =11.91
Q5 =
P=
Q=
wet systems are always full of water
they sprinkle when a head opens
TO SPRINKLERS
CHECK VALVE
ALARM VALVE
(SPRINKLER VALVE)
INDICATING VALVE
SIAMESE CONNECTION
(FIRE DEPARTMENT
CONNECTION)
1997, The
Viking
Corporation
dry systems are full of compressed air
they bleed off the air and sprinkle when a head
opens
TO SPRINKLERS
ALARM VALVE
(DRY SPRINKLER VALVE)
FIRE DEPARTMENT
CHECK VALVE
INDICATING VALVE
CHECK VALVE
SIAMESE CONNECTION
(FIRE DEPARTMENT
CONNECTION)
1997, The
Viking
Corporation
preaction systems are full of compressed air
until a fire is detected
then they fill with water to get ready
TO SPRINKLERS
CHECK VALVES
ALARM VALVE
(PREACTION SPRINKLER VALVE)
INDICATING VALVE
SIAMESE CONNECTION
(FIRE DEPARTMENT
CONNECTION)
CHECK VALVE
CHECK VALVE
ALARM VALVE
(PREACTION SPRINKLER VALVE)
INDICATING VALVE
SIAMESE CONNECTION
(FIRE DEPARTMENT
CONNECTION)
CHECK VALVE
http://www.vikingcorp.com/databook/sprinklers/
Sprinkler Arrangements
Tree systems
Only one path to
each sprinkler
head
Grid systems
At least two
paths to each
sprinkler head
Sprinkler Arrangements contd
Loop systems
There are two paths to
each sprinkler head but
the system can also be
used to circulate heating
or cooling water
upright
pendant
Typical Alarm Valve
Parts of Alarm Valve
Fire Protection Symbols
pendent head hangs down
upright head stands up
sidewall head sticks out sideways
upright (elevation view)
pendent (elevation view)
siamese connection fire department
check valve
Fire Protection Symbols
ALARM VALVE (wet)
ALARM VALVE (dry)
ALARM VALVE (preaction)
ALARM VALVE (deluge)
FC flushing connection (flanged)
FC flushing connection (cap)
open stem and yoke valve (OS & Y)