INSTRUCTIONAL MODEL

Overall approaches to instruction

Provide orientation
Differs from the specific teaching strategies or techniques
Designed to attain goals
EXAMPLES: behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism and
connectivism
CONCEPT LEARNING MODELS
EXAMPLES:

1. Concept information
2. Concept development
3. Concept entertainment
THEORIST,PHILOSOPHERS AND RESEARCHERS
Jean piaget (1990)-
a Swiss psychologist
developed the theory of cognitive
development. The theory presents
that as children grow and mature,
they pass the steps of cognitive
development; sensorimotor,
preoperational, concrete
operational and formal
operational.
David Ausubel (1962)-
a founder of cognitive psychology,
expounded that the single most
important factor influencing new
learning is what the learner already
knows and that any concept is
explainable at many different
levels of generally, with the highest
general level.
Ausubel was interested in the way
knowledge is organized and how
human mind organizes ideas.
THEORIST,PHILOSOPHERS AND RESEARCHERS
Jerome Bunner(1962) Hilda Taba (1969)- an American
American psychologist and educator
curriculum theorist Developed three cognitive
Advocated three distinct modes strategies that are based on the
cognitive views of learning
1. enactive mode
2. iconic mode
3. symbolic mode
THEORIST,PHILOSOPHERS AND RESEARCHERS
Lev Vygotsky (1994)- a russian psychologist and a fouder of modern constructivist theory
development, expounded that social interaction with others spur the construction of new ideas
and enhance the learners intellectual growth. There are two levels of development according to
him
1. The level of actual development which define the individuals current intellectual functioning
and the ability to learn particular things on one's own
2. The level of potential development which defines the level an individual can functionat or
achive with the assistance of other people like a teacher .
Vygotsky's theory differs from that of Piaget in a number of important ways:
1: Vygotsky places more emphasis on culture affecting cognitive development
2: Vygotsky places considerably more emphasis on social factors contributing to cognitive
development
3: Vygotsky places more (and different) emphasis on the role of language in cognitive
development
4: According to Vygotsky adults are an important source of cognitive development