PERILAKU KEKERASAN di

KOMUNITAS
DEFINISI PK

Perilaku kekerasan adalah suatu

keadaan dimana seseorang melakukan
tindakan yang dapat membahayakan
secara fisik baik terhadap diri sendiri,
orang lain maupun lingkungan. Hal
tersebut dilakukan untuk
mengungkapkan perasaan kesal atau
marah yang tidak konstruktif. (Stuart
dan Sundeen, 1995)
Definisi PK

Intensi menggunakan kekuatan fisik,

mengancam, melawan diri sendiri,
orang lain, kelompok atau komunitas,
yang menyebabkan luka, kematian,
gangguan psikologis, dsb.
World Health Organization, 1996
 Kekerasan Komunitas

defined by Mental Health Systems, Inc. of San

Diego :
frequent and continual exposure to the use of
guns, knives, and drugs, and random
violenceoften leads to feelings of anxiety,
low-self-esteem, fear, aggression, PTSD,
depression, anger, distrust, alienation, betrayal,
and impaired body image
PK di KOMUNITAS

Dari tingkat yang ekstrim: misal,

pembunuhan dan pemerkosaan hingga
kekerasan emosional seperti panggilan
nam, rasis dsb
 PK di komunitas
BULLYING
According to the US Department of Health and Human
Services, Office of Womens Health, bullying is when one
person or a group of people repeatedly hurts someone else.
Bullying can include hitting, gossiping, name calling, teasing,
spreading gossip or rumors, telling lies, excluding, threatening,
telling secrets, giving the silent treatment, betrayal, or
harassment.
Bullying hurts both the victim and the bully and leads to
depression, low selfesteem, drug and alcohol abuse, and even
suicide
 PK di komunitas
Physical bullying
Looks like: shoving, hitting, pinching, punching, kicking,
slapping, bruises, scratches
Feels like: pain, hurt, injury, sadness, anger, fear
Sounds like: yelling, slapping, broken bones

Verbal bullying
Looks like: name calling, teasing, gossiping, spreading
rumors, telling lies, telling secrets, sexual harassment, threats
Feels like: pain, hurt, sadness, anger, fear
Sounds like: bitch, slut, cunt (remind participants that saying
just kidding after calling someone a name is still bullying)
 PK di komunitas
Social bullying
Looks like: verbal or physical bullying in front of others,
betrayal, silent
treatment, spreading rumors, excluding, ditching
Feels like: pain, hurt, sadness, anger, fear
Sounds like: silent treatment, Shes abitch, slut, ho, whore,
fag, cunt

Intimidation
Looks like: a look, gesture, physical bullying, threats
Feels like: pain, hurt, sadness, anger, fear
Sounds like: verbal bullying, Im going to get you; you better
watch out
 Gangs

Gangs are about power, fear, intimidation,

crime, and very often extreme forms of
violence

Gang activities cut across all socioeconomic,

racial/ethnic, and gender boundaries and exist
in rural, inner-city, suburban communities
KDRT

Domestic violence against women

Child maltreatment
Elder maltreatment
 KDRT

Penyalahgunaan kekuatan dalam konteks

hubungan keluarga.
Kekerasan fisik
Kekerasan seksual
Penelantaran
Kekerasan emosional
Kekerasan ekonomi/Finansial
Kekerasan Spiritual
 KEKERASAN SEKSUAL
1. Perkosaan
2. Intimidasi Seksual termasuk Ancaman
atau Percobaan Perkosaan
3. Pelecehan Seksual
4. Eksploitasi Seksual: Tindakan penyalahgunaan
kekuasan yang timpang,atau penyalahgunaan kepercayaan,
untuk tujuan kepuasan seksual, maupun untukmemperoleh
keuntungan dalam bentuk uang, sosial, politik dan lainnya
5. Perdagangan Perempuan untuk Tujuan
Seksual
dsb
 Dating Violence

Depending on the definition of violence,

reported nonsexual courtship violence rates
range from 5% to 65%
27% female college students have
experienced rape or attempted rape
80% to 90% of rapes on campuses are
committed by acquaintances
 CMHN (Community Mental
Health)
Asuhan keperawatan pada pasien dan
keluarga, yang terdiri dari :
1. Pendidikan kesehatan bagi kelompok masyarakat yang
sehat, kelompok yang berisiko masalah psikososial dan
kelompok keluarga pasien gangguan jiwa.
2. Asuhan keperawatan masalah psikososial
3. Asuhan keperawatan risiko masalah psikososial
4. Asuhan keperawatan gangguan jiwa
5. Kegiatan terapi aktifitas kelompok dan rehabilitasi untuk
kelompok pasien yang mengalami gangguan jiwa.
 INTERVENSI PSIKOLOGIS
Use of functional analysis in assessment
Use of simple behavioural strategies, such
as activity scheduling and reinforcement
Use of social skills training methods
Use of cognitive methods for dealing with
hallucinations and delusions
Principles of evaluation, using simple,
reliable measures of change
 INTERVENSI KELUARGA
Family assessment methods
Providing education to the family
Working collaboratively with families and patients
Identifying strengths and deficits of families
Providing interventions to reduce family stress
Providing families with basic intervention skills