Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Section 1.2
F= P X A
P A
1.2 Hydraulic Principles & Components Hydraulic Fundamentals
Pascal's Law.
100 kgs
1000 kgs
F 100 kgs
P= = 10 Kg/cm2
A 10 cm2
1000 Kgs.
Big Load
High Pressure
Low flow.
No Load
Low Pressure.
High flow.
Actuators
Directional Control
Valve
Reservoir
Hydraulic Pump
RESERVOIR
LOWER
PRESSURE
ACTUATOR AREA PUMP
HIGH
PRESSURE
AREA
CONTROL
Hydraulic Reservoir
The Hydraulic Reservoir will
store sufficient hydraulic fluid
to ensure enough fluid is
available for the hydraulic
system.
The reservoir will allow
contaminates to settle on the
bottom and dissipate heat.
Hydraulic Pump.
The hydraulic pump is the heart of the machine.
The function of the pump is to supply the hydraulic system with
sufficient flow to enable the circuits to operate at the correct speed.
There are three types or pumps.
Gear Pump.
Variable Displacement
Fixed Displacement
Vane Pumps
Open Closed
Water Separation
Water vapour enters the system through the
reservoir. Oil moving around the system mixes with
the water and becomes whats known as an
emulsion.
This emulsion promotes rust, acids and forms
sludge. Additives are added to separate the water
from the oil.
1.2 Hydraulic Principles & Components Hydraulic Fundamentals
Hydraulic Oil
Viscosity
Viscosity is a measurement of a fluid resistance
to flow, in other words the thickness of the oil.
Viscosity is important because if the oil is too
thin (Low Viscosity) it may leak past seals, joints
or pumps internal slippage. This will effect the
work equipment performance.
If the oil is too thick (High Viscosity) the work equipment will be sluggish and
require more power to push the oil around the system.
Viscosity Improver
Additives that help maintain the oils viscosity over a wider range of
temperatures