FIXED PITCH

PROPELLERS
REPORTERS:

Adrian C. Bautista
Adrianne Jahnne L. Enriquez

1
Heliprop
 The simplest type of propeller.
It is fixed and cannot easily be changed.
Optimum efficiency at a specific rotational
and forward speed.

Fixed Pitch Propellers 2

Heliprop
 A typical fixed-pitch propeller installed on
a light aircraft has a diameter between 67
and 76 inches and a pitch between 53 and
68 inches.

Fixed Pitch Classification 3

Heliprop
 LOWER BLADE ANGLE PROPELLERS

-also called as climb propeller.

-allows the engine to develop its
maximum rpm at the slower airspeeds
associated with climb-out.

Fixed Pitch Classification 4

Heliprop
 HIGHER BLADE ANGLE PROPELLERS

-also called as cruise propeller.

-is it designed to be efficient at cruising
speed and high altitude flight.

Fixed Pitch Classification 5

Heliprop
 DISADVANTAGES
Climb Propellers Cruise Propellers

once the aircraft reaches its because of the higher pitch,

cruising altitude and begins to cruise propellers are very
accelerate, the low blade angle inefficient during takeoff and
becomes inefficient. climbout.

Fixed Pitch Classification 6

Heliprop
 STANDARD PROPELLERS

-compromise between a climb

propeller and cruise propeller.
-is designed to provide the best all-
around performance under normal
circumstances.

Fixed Pitch Classification 7

Heliprop
oWood
oAluminum

Propeller Construction 8
Heliprop
 WOODEN PROPELLERS

Made of:
1. ash and birch
2. mahogany, maple, cherry, oak, and black
walnut
note:
free of grain irregularities, knots, pitch pockets, and insect
damage.

Propeller Construction 9
Heliprop
Ash & Birch 10
Heliprop
 WOODEN PROPELLERS

five layers of wood that are kiln-dried

and laminated together with a
waterproof resin glue.
normally the same thickness and type
of wood.
but, alternate layers of different wood
types may be used.

Propeller Construction 11
Heliprop
Propeller Blank

-once the layers of wood are

laminated together.

Propeller Construction 12
Heliprop
 Figure 12-15
(A) The first step in the manufacture of a wood propeller is to laminate planks together to
form a propeller blank.
(B) The propeller blank is shaped and its hub is drilled to produce a "white."
(C) Once sanded smooth, a fabric sheathing and varnish coating are applied for
reinforcement and protection.

Propeller Construction 13
Heliprop
Figure 12-16. Metal tipping is applied to propeller blade tips and leading edges to help
prevent erosion damage. Three small holes drilled in the tip of each blade release moisture
and allow the wood to breathe.

Propeller Construction 14
Heliprop
ADVANTAGES
-most reliable material for fabrication of
propellers
-the molecular structure of wood
allows it to absorb engine vibration to a
large degree and does not support resonant
vibrations
-generally lighter than aluminum
propeller

Propeller Construction 15
 ALUMINUM ALLOY PROPELLERS

-most often used material for fixed-pitch propeller

fabrication.

-propeller blades can be made thinner and more efficient

without sacrificing structural strength when using
aluminum instead of wood

-has the strength and flexibility to accommodate the high

horsepower engines available in today's small aircraft.

Propeller Construction 16
Heliprop
ADVANTAGES

1. less susceptible to damage from gravel and debris

2. infrequent damage
3. can be re-pitched

Propeller Construction 17
Heliprop
DISADVANTAGES

1. are much more susceptible to damage caused by

resonant vibrations.
2. heavier than wood propellers.

Propeller Construction 18
Heliprop
 Figure 12-17. On McCauley fixed-
pitch propellers, the builders name,
model designation, serial number,
type certificate number, and
production certificate number are
stamped around the propeller hub.

Propeller Designation 19
Heliprop
 Figure 12-18. A Sensenich
aluminum propeller has
information stamped on the
hub which identifies its hub
design, blade design, blade
length, and pitch. In
addition, the number 1
stamped on one of the
blade roots identifies that
blade as blade number one.

Propeller Designation 20
Heliprop
 162 Skycatcher

Example Aircraft 21
Heliprop
 Cessna 152

Example Aircraft 22
Heliprop
 Cessna 172

Example Aircraft 23
Heliprop
 Zlin Savage Cub

Example Aircraft 24
Heliprop
 Glastar

Example Aircraft 25
Heliprop
 THE END 26
Heliprop