Different Types of IC Engine

Rated by their maximum horsepower

Three Types
Reciprocating
Rotary
Sustained Combustion
 Reciprocating
Four Stroke
Most Widely Used
the four process in two cycles of piston motion.
Two Stroke
All 4 processes take place in a single stroke
Five and Six Stroke
5 stroke adds refrigeration cycle (improved efficiency)
6 stroke two types
Rotary Engine (Wankel Engine)
Do not have pistons,
Contains an oval housing and
a triangular rotor.
The engine phases occur in
the spaces between the rotor
surfaces and the housing.
Directly generates rotary
motion of the rotor
Being Used in Automobiles,
Racing Cars, and Go Karts
Rotary Engine Working Model
 Sustained Engine
processes occur in different portions of the
engine simultaneously
Two Types
Gas Turbine
dedicated components
Continuous power output
Minor applications
Jet Propulsion
Expel the expanded gas from the compression
process through a nozzle to create thrust.
 Reciprocating
Arrangement of Cylinders
Inline
Flat
V shape
W Engine

Working Principle
Speed of Engine
Head
Covers Cylinders
Threaded to fit in the Spark Plug
 Reciprocating Engine Parts

Ports
Intake Port
Exhaust Ports
Valves
Camshaft
rotates at one-half engine speed
opens the valves in correct sequence
Carburetor or Injector
Mixes air fuel mixture
Exhaust Pipe and Muffler
 Rotary Engine Parts
a disk that looks like a triangle
Intake and exhaust are through ports in
the flat sides of the cylinder
 Comparison
Advantage
48% fewer parts and about a third the bulk and weight of a
reciprocating engine.
Pollution control devices are easier to install
Higher rotating speed is achievable
Twice more efficient than piston ones

Disadvantage
lack of torque at low speeds, leading to greater fuel consumption.
Complicated seal system
Low intake time
50% longer stroke duration
Higher Manufacuring Costs
 Compression Ratio
Efficiency
Knocking
 2 Stroke Engine
delivers one power stroke every two
strokes instead of one every four
develops more power with the same
displacement
heats up more, thus have a shorter life
lubricating oil must be mixed with the fuel
causing high pollutants unless
computerized
 Cooling System
Air Cooled, Natural or Fan
Water Cooling,
Thermostat keeps water away during heat up
 Lubrication
lubricated by oil from a separate oil
reservoir
a gear pump delivers the oil at low
pressure to the bearings
In a two-stroke engine the lubricating oil is
mixed with the fuel
 Emission Control
US Regulation
Some Exhaust gas send back to cut down
temperature and production of NOx
Lean Mixture
Catalytic Convertors
Variable Valve Timing (Thru Solenoids)