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APPROACH TO STRENGTH
TEJESH(1310110369)
SATHWIK(1310110356)
Introduction:
Predictions of the strength of fiber reinforced composite materials
has not achieved the levels which stiffness predictions reached.
Nevertheless, there are physical models for the strength
characteristics of a matrix reinforced by fibers, which represent a very
high degree of integration of physical observation with the
mechanical description of a phenomena.
Major topics which have been under investigation for many years are
Tensile Strength
Compressive Strength
However, to date, little work has been done on other topics of
obvious importance such as prediction of shear strength.
Tensile strength in the Fiber direction:
A unidirectional fiber reinforced composite material deforms as the
load increases in the following four stages, more or less depending on
the relative brittleness or ductility of the fibers and the matrix:
1. Both fibers and matrix deform elastically.
2. The fibers continue to deform elastically, but the matrix deforms plastically.
3. Both the fibers and matrix deforms plastically.
4. The fibers fracture followed by fracture of the composite material.
Tensile strength will be examined by use of a model with fibers that
all have the same strength in addition to a model in which the fibers
have a statistical strength distribution.
Fibers of Equal Strength:
Assumptions:
All the fibers have the same strength and
are relatively brittle in comparison to the
matrix.
Both the fibers and matrix are active only
in the linear elastic range (stage-1)
When the Vf values are considerable
in the composite material, the
ultimate strength is achieved when
the fibers are strained to correspond
to their maximum stress.
If the fiber strain is presumed equal
to the matrix strain in the direction of
the fibers, then the strength of the
composite material is
When the Vf values are small, the behavior of the composite material
would be different i.e. the matrix dominates the composite material
and fibers would just follow their elongation.
Thus, the fibers would fracture for small loads when subjected to high
strains. And if all the fibers break at the same strain, then the
composite material will fracture unless the matrix can take the entire
load imposed on the composite material, i.e.
where sigma ref is a reference stress level that is a function of the fiber
and matrix properties and is a statistical parameter in the Weibull
distribution of fiber strength.
Rosens results are plotted for =7.7, a
represent value for commercial E-
glass fibers.