DRYING OIL

MANUFACTURING
 Bharati Vidyapeeth University
College Of Engineering
Chemical Engineering Department
Project

GROUP MEMBERS
SHAHNAWAZ SHAKIL
TANVI BHUSHAN
DIVYA SAINI
Project guide
Mrs. V.V.BOBADE
Presentation Layout
Literature Survey

Various Competitive Manufacturing Process

Selection of Manufacturing Process

Advantages of Selected Manufacturing Process

Process Flow Diagram of Manufacturing Processes

References
 Literature Survey
Introduction
History of Drying Oil
Physical & Chemical Characteristics

Application & Uses Of Drying Oil

Market Availability
 introduction

Drying oil is unsaturated fatty oil which is either

natural or synthetic, when applied as a thin
coating it absorb atmospheric oxygen and
polymerize forming a tough elastic layer. These
oils harden and become completely dry after
being exposed to air over a period of time.
 History
History of cave paintings.

Oil and pigment on wood.

Blood and vegetable oil as binders.

Texture and appearance of drying oil.

Old painting techniques.

 Italians artists using binders.

Olive oil used as pigments.

Using nut oil in 2nd century.

Use of oil paints by Flemish masters in 15th century.

Use of linseed oil by Spanish Painters in 17th century.

By the end of 19th century castor oil began to be used.

Characteristics of drying oil

Physical chemical
characteristics characteristics
 Physical
characteristics
Boiling Point: 312C at 760.0 mm Hg
Melting Point: -12 C
Specific Gravity: 0.96
Water Solubility: less than 1 mg/ml at 20 C
Flash Point: 230 C
Auto ignition Temperature: 550 C
Faint mild odor and nauseating taste.
Density 0.95 g / cm3.
 chemical
characteristics
Insoluble in water.
Can develop heat spontaneously in the air.
Reacts with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols
and acids.
Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is
sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products.
Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing with alkali
metals and hydrides.
 Classification of drying oil

Oils used as mediums in oil painting.

Types of oils that form drying oil.

Castor oil
Linseed oil
Poppy oil
Walnut oil
Sunflower oil
 CASTOR OIL
Color.
Used in pharmaceuticals.
Variation in color.
Derivatives.
Unpleasant taste.

LINSEED OIL
Color.
Linoleic Acid.
Flexibility.
Application.
 POPPY OIL

Color.
Nature.
Physical characteristic.
Comparison to other oils.

WALNUT OIL

Property.
Quality.
Use.
Modern Technology.
 SAFFLAWER OIL
Color.
Cost.
Production.
Drying Period.
Uses and Applications

Paint
Varnish
Surfactants
Flavors and fragrances
Detergents & Soaps
Paints:
Automotive Industry
Industrial Appliances
Driers
pigments
properties

Varnishes:
Protective
Polyurethane, epoxy
Highly inflammable
Solvents
Example
Surfactants :
What is surfactant ?
TiO2
Stability
delta G of latex paint

Fragrance & Flavor :

Aromatic Compounds
Results of Extraction
Modern Industry
Solvents
Hydrophobic

Soaps & Detergents :

Metallic Soaps
Common oils
Presence of Iodine
 markets
Indications of new oil-mix developments.

Oil supply may force the substitution for drying oil.

Widely promoted due to inexpensive raw-material and

ability of film-forming properties.

Soybeans was replaced by castor oil due to its

unavailability and high cost.

Resin emulsion paints and acetylated castor oil has

started to come in the recent markets.
 In many countries there have been
government efforts to reduce the hike in oil
pricing.

The use of drying oil in paints and coatings are

replaced with synthetic, petroleum-derived
oligomeric and polymeric binders.
 supplies
The selling of drying oil has increased.

World supply of drying oil.

The supply of castor oil.

 MANUFACTURING
PROCESS

OIL EXTRACTION

PROCESSING AND REFINING OF

OIL
 OIL
EXTRACTION

SOAKING IN SOLVENT

EXPELLING OR PRESSING
1.SOAKING
Dissolved in methanol water
Solvent extraction with hexane and dichloromethane or
chloroform.

2.EXPELLING
Cold Pressing
Seeds ground to fine meal, oil is extracted by pressure i.e.
hydraulic pressure(rich protein)
Hot Pressing

After expelling
boiled at
125 (stand
oil)
 PROCESSING
&
REFINING
Cold pressing
Acid refining
Alkali refining
Hot Pressing
Heating after oil extraction in absence of oxygen

Addition of chemical driers

SELECTION OF PROCESS

EXTRACTION EXPELLING

REFINING HOT PRESSING

 ADVANTAGES OF SELECTED
PROCESS

Gives the high clean quality oil and

removes oil and little impurities without altering
the oil.

Do not change color on aging.

Does not contain VOC and is also free

from lead.
 Process Selection for
Design
Process Description

1. Feed Preparation Section

(mixing heating)

2. The Reaction Section

Both reactions proceed
 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
Chemical Reactions

1. Acetylated Castor Oil (ACO), (C16H32O2)

2. Drying Oil (DO), (C14H28)
3. Acetic Acid (AA), (CH3COOH)
4. Gum, (C28H56)
 Drying oil plant Process flow diagram

Distillation
Column

Vessel
Vessel
Reacto Distillation
r Column

Furnace
Filter
 References
Encapsulation efficiency and oxidative stability of flaxseed oil microencapsulated by
spray drying using different combinations of wall materials
Journal of Food Engineering, Volume 115, Issue 4, April 2013, Pages 443-451
Helena C.F. Carneiro, Renata V. Tonon, Carlos R.F. Grosso, Mriam D. Hubinger

Study of determination of the palmiticstearic acid ratio for the characterisation of

drying oil in painting: La Encarnacin by Alonso Cano as a case study Original Research
Article
Talanta, Volume 84, Issue 4, 30 May 2011, Pages 1148-1154
E. Manzano, L.R. Rodriguez-Simn, N. Navas, R. Checa-Moreno, M. Romero-Gmez, L.F.
Capitan-Vallvey

Effect of drying catalysts on the properties of thermal copolymers from conjugated

linseed oilstyrenedivinylbenzene Original Research Article
Progress in Organic Coatings, Volume 65, Issue 1, April 2009, Pages 10-18
P.P. Kundu, R.C. Larock
Oxidation of drying oils containing non-conjugated and conjugated
double bonds catalyzed by a cobalt catalyst
Progress in Organic Coatings, Volume 54, Issue 3, 1 November 2005,
Pages 198-204
Z.O. Oyman, W. Ming, R. van der Linde

Extraction, analysis and utilization of a drying-oil from

Tetracarpidium conophorum
Bioresource Technology, Volume 73, Issue 2, June 2000, Pages 195-
196
M.U Akpuaka, E Nwankwor
 CONCLUSION
Drying oil is an oil which is not only used in paints but has several different
applications.
It has both commercial and industrial applications which makes it highly versatile.
THANK YOU