MGT 300

IT in BUSINESS

PN. INTAN LIANA SUHAIME

 Chapter 10

Extending the Organization

Supply Chain Management
 Learning Outcomes

10.1 List and describe the components of a typical

supply chain

10.2 Define the relationship between decision

making and supply chain management

10.3 Describe the four changes resulting from advances in IT

that are driving supply chains

10.4 Summarize the best practices for implementing a

successful supply chain management system
 Supply Chain Management

The average company spends nearly half

of every dollar that it earns on production

In the past, companies focused primarily

on manufacturing and quality
improvements to influence their supply
chains
 Basics of Supply Chain

The supply chain has three main links:

1. Materials flow from suppliers and their
upstream suppliers at all levels
2. Transformation of materials into
semifinished and finished products through
the organizations own production process
3. Distribution of products to customers and
their downstream customers at all levels
 Basics of Supply Chain

Organizations must embrace technologies

that can effectively manage supply chains
Basics of Supply Chain
 Basics of Supply Chain

Plan
A company must have a plan for managing all
the resources that go toward meeting
customer demand for products or services.
Source
Companies must carefully choose reliable
suppliers that will deliver goods and services
required for making products.
 Basics of Supply Chain

Make
This is the step where companies manufacture their
products or services. This can include scheduling the
activities necessary for production, testing,
packaging, and preparing for delivery.

Deliver (Logistic)
Companies must be able to receive orders from
customers, fulfill the orders via a network of
warehouses, pick transportation companies to deliver
the products, and implement a billing and invoicing
system to facilitate payments.
 Basics of Supply Chain

Return
This is typically the most problematic step in
the supply chain. Companies must create a
network for receiving defective and excess
products and support customers who have
problems with delivered products.
Information Technologys
Role in the Supply Chain

Factors Driving SCM

 Visibility

Visibility more visible models of

different ways to do things in the supply
chain have emerged. High visibility in the
supply chain is changing industries, as
Wal-Mart demonstrated

Supply chain visibility the ability to

view all areas up and down the supply
chain
 Visibility
Bullwhip effect occurs when distorted
product demand information passes from
one entity to the next throughout the
supply chain
 Visibility
Supply chain visibility allows organizations to
eliminate the bullwhip effect
To explain the bullwhip effect to your students
discuss a product that demand does not change,
such as diapers. The need for diapers is constant, it
does not increase at Christmas or in the summer,
diapers are in demand all year long. The number of
newborn babies determines diaper demand, and that
number is constant.
Retailers order diapers from distributors when their
inventory level falls below a certain level, they might
order a few extra just to be safe
 Visibility

Distributors order diapers from manufacturers when

their inventory level falls below a certain level, they
might order a few extra just to be safe
Manufacturers order diapers from suppliers when their
inventory level falls below a certain level, they might
order a few extra just to be safe
Eventually the one or two extra boxes ordered from a
few retailers becomes several thousand boxes for the
manufacturer. This is the bullwhip effect, a small ripple
at one end makes a large wave at the other end of the
whip.
 Consumer Behavior

Companies can respond faster and more

effectively to consumer demands through
supply chain enhances
Once an organization understands customer
demand and its effect on the supply chain it
can begin to estimate the impact that its supply
chain will have on its customers and ultimately
the organizations performance
Demand planning software generates
demand forecasts using statistical tools and
forecasting techniques
 Competition

Supply chain planning (SCP) software uses

advanced mathematical algorithms to improve the
flow and efficiency of the supply chain
Supply chain execution (SCE) software
automates the different steps and stages of the
supply chain
SCP and SCE both increase a companys ability to
compete
SCP depends entirely on information for its
accuracy
SCE can be as simple as electronically routing
orders from a manufacturer to a supplier
 Competition

SCP and SCE in the supply chain

 Speed
Three factors fostering speed
Supply Chain Management
Success Factors

10-20
 Supply Chain Management
Success Factors

SCM industry best practices include:

1. Make the sale to suppliers
2. Wean employees off traditional business
practices
3. Ensure the SCM system supports the
organizational goals
4. Deploy in incremental phases and measure
and communicate success
5. Be future oriented
 SCM Success Stories

Top reasons why more and more executives are turning to

SCM to manage their extended enterprises
 SCM Success Stories

Numerous decision support systems (DSSs) are

being built to assist decision makers in the design
and operation of integrated supply chains

DSSs allow managers to examine performance

and relationships over the supply chain and
among:
Suppliers
Manufacturers
Distributors
Other factors that optimize supply chain performance
SCM Success Stories
THANK YOU